The health care provider informed a client diagnosed with stage 4 liver cancer that the cancer has spread to their spine. The client states to the practical nurse, "I have a cancer, but it is not malignant." What is the best initial nursing action?
a. Encourage the client to attend a cancer educat...
hesi medical surgical lpn exam pack best for 2022 exam question 1 the nurse is providing care for a patient who is unhappy with the health care provider’s care the patient signs the against medical
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,Question 1
The nurse is providing care for a patient who is unhappy with the health care provider’s care.
The patient signs the Against Medical Advice (AMA) form and leaves the hospital against
medical advice. What should the nurse include in the documentation of this event in the
patient’s medical record or on the AMA form?
1. Documentation that the patient was informed that he or she cannot come back to the
hospital
2. Documentation that the patient was informed that he or she was leaving against medical
advice
3. Documentation that the risks of leaving against medical advice were explained to the
patient
4. Documentation of any discharge instructions given to the patient
5. Documentation indicating an incident report has been completed
Correct Answer: 2,3,4
Rationale 1: It should be clearly documented that the patient was advised and understands
that he or she can come back.
Rationale 2: It should be clearly documented in the patient’s record and on the AMA form
that the patient was advised that he or she was leaving against medical advice.
Rationale 3: It should be clearly documented that the patient understands the risks of leaving
against medical advice.
Rationale 4: The AMA form includes the name of the person accompanying the patient and
any discharge instructions given.
Rationale 5: Facility policy may require that an incident report be completed, but it must not
be referenced in the chart. The patient’s record is a legal document, so the nurse should never
document that he or she filed an incident report.
Question 2
A nurse documents this statement in a patient’s medical record: “2/25/–, 2235. At 2015
patient awoke suddenly and complained of shortness of air. Pulse oximetry reading was 82%
on room air and audible wheezes could be heard.” This documentation meets which
documentation guidelines?
,1. Documentation is timely
2. Documentation is concise
3. Documentation is objective
4. Documentation includes date and time of entry
5. Documentation is complete and accurate
Correct Answer: 2,3,4,5
Rationale 1: The nurse should document as soon as possible after an observation is made or
care is provided. The entry was made in the patient’s medical record at least 2 hours after the
patient complaint and should be labeled late entry.
Rationale 2: This entry describes the situation fully but is concise.
Rationale 3: The nurse describes factual events that can be seen, heard, smelled, or touched.
It is important to be objective and avoid vague statements that are subjective.
Rationale 4: Both the date and the time of the entry are documented.
Rationale 5: The nurse should document only facts: what he or she can see, hear, and do.
Question 3
A nurse documents the following in a patient’s medical record: “2/1/ , 1500. Patient appears
weak and faint. Patient’s skin is moist and cool, vomited bright red blood with clots. Health
care provider notified and order received to give 2 u of packed red blood cells if stat Hgb is <
8.0. Pain medication will be given.” This documentation meets which documentation
principle?
1. Document objectively.
2. Do not document procedures in advance.
3. Use approved abbreviations.
4. Document changes in patient condition.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Documentation should be objective and avoid vague statements that are
subjective. Only factual occurrences that can be seen, heard, smelled, or touched should be
described. The use of the word “appears” is subjective and could be manipulated later should
the treatment or judgment be challenged.
Rationale 2: The nurse has documented that pain medication will be given. This is
documenting in advance.
Rationale 3: The Joint Commission has designated the inappropriateness of “u” as an
abbreviation. “U” should be written out as “unit(s).” If unsure whether the abbreviation is
, correct, the nurse should spell out the word; “<” can be misinterpreted, so it should be
spelled out as “less than.”
Rationale 4: In general, employers as well as state, federal, and professional standards require
documentation to include initial and ongoing assessments, any change in the patient’s
condition, therapies given and patient response, patient teaching, and relevant statements by
the patient.
Question 4
A nursing unit has changed its documentation system to documenting by exception. How will
this system save time?
1. It eliminates lengthy or repetitive documentation.
2. It allows flexibility and description in the documentation.
3. It allows the reader to easily locate information about a specific problem.
4. It allows for quick and easy retrieval of information.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Documenting by exception eliminates lengthy or repetitive documentation.
Rationale 2: Flexible and descriptive documentation is an advantage of the narrative system.
Rationale 3: PIE charting allows easy location of information about a specific problem.
Rationale 4: The electronic health record allows for quick and easy retrieval of information.
Question 5
A hospital is considering changing its documentation system to reduce the number of
medication errors. Which system should the hospital investigate?
1. Problem, intervention, evaluation (PIE) system
2. Electronic medical record
3. Problem-oriented medical record
4. Narrative system
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: The PIE system consists of a list of the patient’s problems, interventions taken to
alleviate the problems, and evaluation of the patient’s response to the interventions. This
system does not have the specific benefit of reducing medication errors.
Rationale 2: The electronic medical record decreases errors and allows for the reconciliation
of the patient’s medications on admission, daily, and on discharge.
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