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College aantekeningen Humane Anatomie (5052HUAN3Y)

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Aantekeningen uit HC & practicum Humane Anatomie '20/'21

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  • March 6, 2022
  • 6
  • 2020/2021
  • Class notes
  • Roelof-jan oostra
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Samenvatting Humane Anatomie
Centraal zenuwstelsel

Hersenen Ruggenmerg




Afferent Efferent
(Sensibel) (motorisch)




Somatomotorisch Visceromotorisch (autonoom)



(ortho) sympatisch
Para-sympatisch



Veel groei Weinig/ geen groei Groeven
Primaire groei Hemisferen (de 2 Telecephalon impar Fissura
hersenhelften) longitudinalis
Secundaire groei Lobi+ opercula Insula van Reyl Fissure lateralis
(Sylvii)
Tertiaire groei Gyri (bergen) Sulci (dalen)
Opercula= overligende delen van de lobi die de insula bedekken.

Centraal zenuwweefsel ontstaat uit de wand van de neurale buis. Perifeer zenuwstelsel
ontstaat uit de neurale lijst.

Telencephalon (2 hemisferen & telencephalon impar)
Ø Telecephalon impar is de deel dat de 2 hemisferen met elkaar verbindt.

Hypofyse en oog aanleg vormen deel van de diencephalon (prosencephalon).

Oligodendrocyten (gliacellen) vormen myelinescheden rondom axonen van neuronen.

Astrocyten vormen geraamte tegen de dendrieten van de neuronen.

Ependymcellen vormen de grens tussen neuronaal weefsel en tussen de ventrikel ruimte.

, Centraal zenuwweefsel
- Centrale neuronen & perifeer motorische neuronen
- Astrocyten
- Oligodendrocyten
- Ependym cellen

Perifeer zenuwweefsel
- Perifeer sensibele neuronen
- Post synaptische neuronen
- Cellen van Schwann

Grijze stof
Ø Hersenschors (cortex)
Ø Basale kernen

Witte stof
Ø Associatieve vezels
Ø commissurale vezels
Ø Projectie-vezels.

Schors van de grote hersenen
è Bewustwording van sensibele informatie en initiatie van bewuste motoriek
Gebied Functie
g. postcentralis Prim. Sensibele schors
g. precentralis Prim. Motorische schors
Area striata Prim. Optische schors
Uncus Prim. Olfactorische (reuk-)schors
g. temp. Transv. Prim. Akoestische (gehoor-) schors
g. temp. Sup. Receptief taalcentrum (Wernicke)
g. front. Inf. Expressief taalcentrum (Broca)

Gyrus postcentralis= primair sensibele schors
Gyrus precentralis= primair motorische schors

Het onderlichaam is in de mediale delen van de schors gerepresenteerd. De meer craniale
delen van het lichaam liggen meer lateraal in de schors.

Associatieve vezels= ver Beperkt tot 1 hemisfeer.
Ø Korte vezels (fibrae artcuates): Verbinden aanliggende schorsgebieden met elkaar.
Ø Lange vezels (fasciculi): grotere delen van de hemisfeer overbruggen.

Commissurale vezels verbinden homo- heterotope gebieden links en rechts met elkaar.

Corpus callosum (forceps minor) =vooraan
Corpus callosum (forceps major) = achteraan

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