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Samenvatting virologie met illustraties en notities
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17/20 behaald: samenvatting virologie (volledig) met slides en notities van alle lessen!
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Virologie: inleiding1) Eigenschappen van virussen
- Obligate intracellulaire moleculaire parasieten
ð Noodzaak: gastheer
- Cytopathogeen effect (CPE) na besmetting
ð Soort specifiek schadelijk effect
- Te klein voor LM = niet zichtbaar
- Genoom: DNA/RNA
Û dubbelstrenging/enkelstrengig
- Niet gevoelig aan antbiotica
Pokkenvirus: 300 nm
Herpesvirus: 100 nm
Picornavirus: 25 nm
0,5mm of 500µm 0,1mm of 100µm 1µm o f 100 nm
Elk virus verschilt in
- Grootte
- Vorm
- Structuur
- …
Verschillende instrumentele
methoden naargelang te onderzoeken
moleculen.
LM: cm tot µm
EM: mm tot nm
,Cytopathogene effecten verschillen naargelang virus type: hier IN VITRO
Plaque
Lysis door vorming.
cytomegalovirus
(CVM) Openen
= type herpesvirus van cellen
= celdood
samenklonteren van
cellen = syncythium
vorming
T-cellen klonteren
samen door HIV infectie
• Vijf basistypes van virale symmetrie
ð Gebaseerd op structuur van de eiwitmantel = capsidestructuur
1) NAAKT ICOSAHEDRAAL CAPSIDE
Het genoom ® omgeven met subunits
Subunits tesamen ® capside
Structuur eicosaheder
- 20 vlakken
- 12 hoekpunten
- 30 zijden
12 pentons
Overig: hexons
2) ENVELOPED ICOSAHEDRAAL CAPSIDE
Virale enveloppe ® fosfolipiden bilayer
afkomstig van materiaal gastheer
- Van celmenbraam
- Membraan ER
, 3) NAAKT HELICAAL CAPSIDE 4) ENVELOPED HELICAAL CAPSIDE
Geel: naakt genoom
Paars: capside structuur
Ebola
5) COMPLEXE CAPSIDESTRUCTUUR
Pokkenvirus Bacteriofaag
Voorbeelden
Naakt Enveloped Naakt Enveloped Complex
icosahedraal Icosahedraal Helicaal Helicaal
Poliovirus Herpes Tabakvirus Influenza Poxivirus
Adenovirus Hiv Mazelen Bacteriofagen
Hepatitis A Pokkenvirus
ð klassificatie van virussen door ICTV (International Comittee on Viral Taxonomy)
ð indeling obv eigenschappen vh genoom
, 2) Virale infectie
• Penetratie
OPTIE 1
Virale enveloppe versmelt met membraan gastheercel waardoor capside in
gastheercel terechtkomt
OPTIE 2
MET SPIKES ZONDER SPIKES
Virus ® endocytose ®
endosoom
spikes = glycoproteïnen binden aan receptoren ® endocytose
• Uncoating
Met enveloppe
Virus ® vorming endosoom ® verzuring endosoom® vrijzetting capside ® migratie
nucleus ® uncoating viraal genoom in nucleus
Zonder enveloppe
Virus ® versmelten enveloppe en membraan ® capside vrijzetting ® uncoating in nucleus
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