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Summary Cognitive Dissonance Theory of Leon Festinger
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This is a summary of the Cognitive Dissonance Theory of Leon Festinger, which is part of the Introduction to Communication Science course at the UvA
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KƌŝŐŝŶĂůƚŚĞŽƌLJ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞĚďLJ &ĞƐƚŝŶŐĞƌŝŶϭϵϱϳ ͻŽŐŶŝƚŝǀĞŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞ͗ĨĞĞůŝŶŐŽĨĚŝƐĐŽŵĨŽƌƚ;ΗĂĨĨĞĐƚŝǀĞŵŽƚŝǀĂƚŝŽŶĂůƐƚĂƚĞΗͿ
ĨĨĞĐƚŝǀĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞŝƚ͛ƐĂĨĞĞůŝŶŐŽĨĚŝƐĐŽŵĨŽƌƚප
DŽƚŝǀĂƚŝŽŶĂůƐƚĂƚĞďĞĐĂƵƐĞǁĞǁĂŶƚƚŽĚŽƐŽŵĞƚŚŝŶŐĂŐĂŝŶƐƚĨĞĞůŝŶŐŽĨĚŝƐĐŽŵĨŽƌƚ; ͲͲх
ƌĞĚƵĐŝŶŐĚŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞͿ
tĞǁĂŶƚƚŽďĞĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŶƚŝŶĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞƐ͕ďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌƐ͕͙ƒප
ƵĞƚŽĚŝƐĐƌĞƉĂŶĐLJďĞƚǁĞĞŶĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞĂŶĚďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ͕ŽƌďĞƚǁĞĞŶĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞĂŶĚĐŽŐŶŝƚŝŽŶ
ŽŐŶŝƚŝǀĞŝŶĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŶĐLJපĺͻ
dŚĞŵŽƌĞŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚƚŚĞĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞͬďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌĂŶĚƚŚĞŐƌĞĂƚĞƌƚŚĞĚŝƐĐƌĞƉĂŶĐLJ ͕ƚŚĞŵŽƌĞĚŝƐĐŽŵĨŽƌƚ ͻ
tĞƚƌLJƚŽĂǀŽŝĚŽƌƌĞĚƵĐĞƚŚŝƐĨĞĞůŝŶŐĂƐŵƵĐŚĂƐƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ
ŽŐŶŝƚŝǀĞĚŝƐĐƌĞƉĂŶĐLJƌĞĚƵĐƚŝŽŶĺͻ
5HGXFLQJGLVVRQDQFH
ZĞǁĂƌĚŝŶŐĚŝƐĐƌĞƉĂŶƚďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ ;ĂůƐŽƐŽĐŝĂůƉƌĞƐƐƵƌĞͿ ŶƐƵƌĞƐĐŽŵƉůŝĂŶĐĞ
;WƵďůŝĐůLJͿĂĐĐĞƉƚŝŶŐƚŚĞƌĞƋƵĞƐƚ
/ŶĚƵĐĞĚŽŵƉůŝĂŶĐĞWĂƌĂĚŝŐŵ͕&ĞƐƚŝŶŐĞƌΘĂƌůƐŵŝƚŚ͕ϭϵϱϵපĺż
ZĞǁĂƌĚƚŽŽďŝŐ͗ŶŽĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞĐŚĂŶŐĞ ;ƌĞǁĂƌĚŝƐũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶͿ ż
^ŵĂůůƌĞǁĂƌĚ͗ĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞĐŚĂŶŐĞ
KƚŚĞƌǁŝƐĞƚŚĞƌĞŝƐ ĐŽŐŶŝƚŝǀĞĚŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞ ͲͲхďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ ŵƵƐƚĂƉƉĞĂƌƚŽďĞ ŽŶĞΖƐŽǁŶĐŚŽŝĐĞ ĺ
DŝŶŝŵĂůũƵƐƚŝĨŝĐĂƚŝŽŶĺżϭ͘
^ŽŵĞƚŝŵĞƐĚŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞŝƐƉƌŽǀŽŬĞĚǁŚĞŶ ĞŶĐŽƵŶƚĞƌŝŶŐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶƚŚĂƚŐŽĞƐĂŐĂŝŶƐƚŽŶĞΖƐĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞ ŝƚŚĞƌĐŚĂŶŐĞĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞ Žƌ͙
͙ŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶĚŝĨĨĞƌĞŶƚůLJ
͙ƌĞũĞĐƚŽƌďLJƉĂƐƐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶ
͙ƐĞĞŬƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ ĨƌŽŵƉĞŽƉůĞǁŚŽ ƐŚĂƌĞĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞ
͙ƚƌLJĐŽŶǀŝŶĐŝŶŐŽƚŚĞƌƐŽĨLJŽƵƌĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞż
ĞůŝĞĨŝƐĐŽŶĨŝƌŵĂƚŝŽŶWĂƌĂĚŝŐŵ͕&ĞƐƚŝŶŐĞƌ͕ZŝĞĐŬĞŶΘ^ĐŚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͕ϭϵϱϲżϮ͘
tŚĂƚŚĂƉƉĞŶƐǁŚĞŶLJŽƵĂƌĞƌĞŵŝŶĚĞĚŽĨƚŝŵĞƐǁŚĞŶLJŽƵ ĚŝĚŶŽƚďĞŚĂǀĞŝŶůŝŶĞǁŝƚŚLJŽƵƌĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞ͍
ŚĂŶŐĞďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌƚŽďĞĞǀĞŶŵŽƌĞ ƉƌŽͲĂƚƚŝƚƵĚŝŶĂů ŝ͘
ŚĂŶŐĞĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞƚŽŵĂŬĞŝƚ ŵĂƚĐŚƉƌĞǀŝŽƵƐďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ ŝŝ͘
,LJƉŽĐƌŝƐLJWĂƌĂĚŝŐŵ͕ƌŽŶƐŽŶ͕&ƌŝĞĚΘ^ƚŽŶĞ͕ϭϵϵϭżϯ͘
&'7 FRJQLWLYH"
ĐĐŽƌĚŝŶŐƚŽ &ĞƐƚŝŶŐĞƌ ͕ŝƚǁĂƐŵŽƐƚůLJƚŚĞ ĐŽŐŶŝƚŝǀĞŝŶĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŶĐLJƚŚĂƚƌĞƐƵůƚĞĚŝŶĚŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞ ͻ
KƚŚĞƌƌĞƐĞĂƌĐŚĞƌƐ ƌĞǀŝƐĞĚƚŚĞŽƌLJĂŶĚůŽŽŬĞĚĂƚ ĚŝĨĨĞƌĞŶƚƐŽƵƌĐĞƐŽĨΗŵŽƚŝǀĂƚŝŽŶĂůƐƚĂƚĞΗ ŽĨĚŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞ
;ŶĞŐĂƚŝǀĞĂĨĨĞĐƚͿͻ
2WKHUVRXUFHVRIGLVVRQDQFH ůůŝŽƚƌŽŶƐŽŶ͕ϭϵϲϬΖƐ
/ŶĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŶĐLJďĞƚǁĞĞŶƐĞůĨ ͲĐŽŶĐĞƉƚĂŶĚĐŽŐŶŝƚŝŽŶƐĂďŽƵƚďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ;ƐĞůĨ ͲĐŽŶƐŝƐƚĞŶĐLJͿ żͻ
ůĂƵĚĞ^ƚĞĞůĞ͕ϭϵϴϬΖƐ
^ĞůĨͲĂĨĨŝƌŵĂƚŝŽŶ͗ĚĞĐƌĞĂƐĞĚƐĞůĨ ͲĞƐƚĞĞŵƉƌŽĚƵĐĞƐĚŝƐĐŽŵĨŽƌƚ
^ƚŝůůŚĂƐƚŽĚŽǁŝƚŚĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞ ͲͲхƐĞůĨĂĨĨŝƌŵĂƚŝŽŶ͗ĐŚĂŶŐĞŝŶĂƚƚŝƚƵĚĞ
KŶůLJǁŽƌŬƐǁŚĞŶŝƚƐ ƵŶƌĞůĂƚĞĚƚŽĚŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞƐŝƚƵĂƚŝŽŶ żͻ
:ŽĞůŽŽƉĞƌ͕ϭϵϴϬΖƐ
WĞƌƐŽŶĂůƌĞƐƉŽŶƐŝďŝůŝƚLJĨŽƌŶĞŐĂƚŝǀĞĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞƐŽĨďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ
&ŽƵŶĚĚŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞƐǁŚĞƌĞŶŽŶĞŐĂƚŝǀĞĐŽŶƐĞƋƵĞŶĐĞƐŽĐĐƵƌƌĞĚżͻ
&ULWLTXH
&ĞƐƚŝŶŐĞƌĚŝĚ ŶŽƚĂĐƚƵĂůůLJƉƌŽǀĞƚŚĂƚĚŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞŽĐĐƵƌƐ ͻŽŐŶŝƚŝǀĞŝƐƐŽŶĂŶĐĞdŚĞŽƌLJ ŽĨ>ĞŽŶ&ĞƐƚŝŶŐĞƌ
&ƌŝĚĂLJ͕ϰ͘KĐƚŽďĞƌϮϬϭϵ ϭ͗ϱϵWD
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