Samenvatting Studie van Sociaal Werk Semester 1 Module 1 Sociaal Werk HOGent
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Course
Studie Van Sociaal Werk
Institution
Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)
Een samenvatting van het OLOD "Studie van Sociaal Werk", gegeven door Didier Reynaert en Hildegard Gobeyn. Voor het examen van , module 1, semester 1 Sociaal werk op HOGent. Het is een samenvatting van de cursus die door hun is gemaakt + PowerPoints en mijn notities uit de lessen!
Studie van Sociaal Werk HOGent: Modeltraject 1, semester 1 Sociaal Werk
Didier Reynaert en Hildegard Gobeyn
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Inhoud
Wat IS Sociaal Werk?
1 Definities in het sociaal werk ....................................................................................... 6
1.1 Internationale definitie (2000) .............................................................................. 6
1.2 Globale definitie (2014) ........................................................................................ 6
1.3 Vergelijking 2000-2014 .......................................................................................... 6
a) Waarom? = doelen............................................................................................... 6
b) Hoe? = kennis........................................................................................................ 7
c) Wat?....................................................................................................................... 7
d) Waar? .................................................................................................................... 7
e) Welke principes? ................................................................................................... 7
2 Sociale interventies ...................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Sociale probleemdefinitie .................................................................................... 8
2.1.1 Sociaal probleem .......................................................................................... 8
3 het DNA van SW ........................................................................................................... 8
4 Professionalisering van sociaal werk........................................................................... 9
4.1 Technische Professionalisering ............................................................................. 9
4.2 Normatieve Professionalisering ............................................................................ 9
5 Spanningsvelden.......................................................................................................... 9
5.1 Individu - structuur ................................................................................................. 9
5.2 Beheersing – emancipatie ................................................................................... 9
5.3 Spanningsvelden hangen samen! .....................................................................10
Geschiedenis
1 Voorgeschiedenis (gunstkarakter) ............................................................................10
1.1 Oudheid................................................................................................................10
1.2 Middeleeuwen (caritas) ......................................................................................10
1.3 De nieuwe tijd ......................................................................................................10
1.3.1 De renaissance (15e-17e eeuw) ...................................................................10
1.3.2 De verlichting (18e eeuw).............................................................................10
2 Midden 19e eeuw tot WO2 (verzekeringskarakter) .................................................11
2.1 De sociale kwestie ...............................................................................................11
2.2 Ontstaan van het beroep sociaal werk .............................................................11
3 Na WO2 (rechtskarakter)............................................................................................11
4 4 Basistechnieken van de verzorgingsstaat .............................................................12
,Studie van Sociaal Werk HOGent: Modeltraject 1, semester 1 Sociaal Werk
Didier Reynaert en Hildegard Gobeyn
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4.1 Sociale zekerheid .................................................................................................12
4.2 Sociale bijstand ....................................................................................................12
4.3 Sociale voorzieningen .........................................................................................13
4.4 Sociale rechten ....................................................................................................13
5 4 Ideologische fundamenten in de verzorgingsstaat ..............................................13
5.1 Rechtvaardigheid ................................................................................................13
5.2 Verzekering en solidariteit ...................................................................................13
5.3 Ontwikkeling van de mensenrechten ................................................................14
5.4 Recht op een menswaardig bestaan ................................................................14
6 Mensenrecht denken en sociaal werk ......................................................................14
7 Van verzorgingsstaat naar activeringsmaatschappij naar een actieve
welvaartstaat .....................................................................................................................14
8 Besluit ...........................................................................................................................15
Handelingsdimensies in sociaal werk: drie basisbenaderingen
1 methoden en methodisch werken............................................................................15
2 drie basisbenderingen (p77) ......................................................................................16
2.1 individueel maatschappelijk werk/casework....................................................16
2.1.1 Ontstaan ........................................................................................................16
Kenmerken ..................................................................................................................16
2.1.2 Evolutie ..........................................................................................................16
2.2 Groepswerk ..........................................................................................................17
2.2.1 Ontstaan ........................................................................................................17
2.2.2 Kenmerken ....................................................................................................17
2.2.3 Stromingen en vormen .................................................................................17
2.3 Samenlevingsopbouw/opbouwwerk/communitiework...................................17
2.3.1 ontstaan ........................................................................................................17
2.3.2 kenmerken.....................................................................................................17
2.3.3 stromingen en vormen .................................................................................18
Wat DOET het Sociaal Werk?
1 Sociale probleemdefiniëring. .....................................................................................18
1.1 Sociale interventies ..............................................................................................18
1.2 Proces van probleemdefiniëring ........................................................................19
1.2.1 constructie van een probleem naar een sociaal probleem ....................19
1.2.2 Constructie van een sociaal probleem tot en door een sociale
interventie ....................................................................................................................19
1.3 Kwadrantenschema van Vranken .....................................................................19
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2
,Studie van Sociaal Werk HOGent: Modeltraject 1, semester 1 Sociaal Werk
Didier Reynaert en Hildegard Gobeyn
__________________________________________________________________________________
1.3.1 Verklaring microniveau ................................................................................20
1.3.2 Verklaring mesoniveau .................................................................................21
1.3.3 Verklaring macroniveau ...............................................................................22
2 Paradigmatische achtergronden die het sociaal werk voeden. (Payne).............23
2.1 Individueel – reformistische benadering ............................................................23
2.2 Reflexief – therapeutische benadering .............................................................24
2.3 Sociaal – collectivistische benadering ...............................................................24
3 Perspectieven volgens payne ...................................................................................26
3.1 Verschillende perspectieven binnen de individueel –reformistische
benadering .....................................................................................................................26
3.1.1 Psychodynamische perspectieven .............................................................26
3.1.2 Cognitief-behavioristische benaderingen ..................................................26
3.1.3 Systeem-en ecologische benaderingen ....................................................27
3.2 Verschillende perspectieven binnen de reflexief - therapeutische
benadering .....................................................................................................................28
3.2.1 Sociale psychologie .....................................................................................28
3.2.2 Sociaal constructivisme ................................................................................28
3.2.3 Humanisme, existentialisme en Spiritualisme ..............................................29
3.2.4 Verschillende perspectieven binnen de sociaal – collectivistische
benadering..................................................................................................................29
3.2.5 Radicaal sociaal werk ..................................................................................29
3.2.6 Kritisch sociaal werk ......................................................................................30
3.2.7 Feministische perspectieven ........................................................................31
3.2.8 Empowerment en advocacy ......................................................................31
4 Actuele ontwikkelingen ..............................................................................................32
4.1 Vermaatschappelijking .......................................................................................32
4.1.1 Historische achtergrond ...............................................................................32
4.1.2 Vermaatschappelijking van de zorg: begripsbepaling .............................34
4.1.3 Vermaatschappelijking van de zorg: doelen.............................................35
4.1.4 Sociaal-politiek referentiekader ..................................................................36
4.1.5 Uitdagingen...................................................................................................37
4.1.6 Kritieken .........................................................................................................37
4.2 Vermarkting ..........................................................................................................39
4.2.1 Begrippen die onder vermarkting vallen. ...................................................40
4.2.2 Vermarkting: sociaal-politiek kader.............................................................40
4.2.3 Vermarkting: kritieken ...................................................................................41
, Studie van Sociaal Werk HOGent: Modeltraject 1, semester 1 Sociaal Werk
Didier Reynaert en Hildegard Gobeyn
__________________________________________________________________________________
4.3 Bureaucratisering .................................................................................................42
4.3.1 Begripsbepaling ............................................................................................42
4.3.2 Vormen van bureaucratisering:...................................................................42
4.3.3 Bureaucratisering: sociaal-politieke referentiekaders................................43
4.3.4 Bureaucratisering: kritieken ..........................................................................43
4.3.5 Transnationaal sociaal werk.........................................................................45
4.3.6 grensoverstijgend sociaal werk ...................................................................45
4.3.7 Sociaal werk: verankerd in een transnationale realiteit ............................46
4.3.8 Sociaal werk als grensoverschrijdend beroep ...........................................47
4.3.9 Kritieken op de term Internationaal sociaal werk ......................................48
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