ATI PEDIATRICS PROCTORED EXAMThe nurse is reviewing laboratory results. Which cation will the
nurse observe is the most abundant in the blood?
a. Sodium
b. Chloride
c. Potassium
d. Magnesium
ANS: A
Sodium is the most abundant cation in the blood. Potassium is the
predominant intracellular c...
ati pediatrics proctored exam ati pediatrics proctored exam 1 the nurse is reviewing laboratory results which cation will the nurse observe is the most abundant in the blood a sodium b chlori
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ATI PEDIATRICS PROCTORED EXAM
, ATI PEDIATRICS PROCTORED EXAM
1. The nurse is reviewing laboratory results. Which cation will the
nurse observe is the most abundant in the blood?
a. Sodium
b. Chloride
c. Potassium
d. Magnesium
ANS: A
Sodium is the most abundant cation in the blood. Potassium is the
predominant intracellular cation. Chloride is an anion (negatively
charged) rather than a cation (positively charged). Magnesium is found
predominantly inside cells and in bone.
7. The nurse receives the patient’s most recent blood work
results. Which laboratory value is of greatest concern?
a. Sodium of 145 mEq/L
b. Calcium of 15.5 mg/dL
c. Potassium of 3.5 mEq/L
d. Chloride of 100 mEq/L
ANS: B
Normal calcium range is 8.4 to 10.5 mg/dL; therefore, a value of 15.5
mg/dL is abnormally high and of concern. The rest of the laboratory
values are within their normal ranges: sodium 136 to 145 mEq/L;
potassium
3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L; and chloride 98 to 106 mEq/L.
8. The nurse observes that the patient’s calcium is elevated. When
checking the phosphate level, what does the nurse expect to see?
a. Increased
, b. Decreased
c. Equal to calcium
d. No change in phosphate
ANS: B
Phosphate will decrease. Serum calcium and phosphate have an inverse
relationship. When one is elevated, the other decreases, except in some
patients with end-stage renal disease.
9. Four patients arrive at the emergency department at the same time. Which
patient will the nurse see first?
a. An infant with temperature of 102.2° F and diarrhea for 3 days
b. A teenager with a sprained ankle and excessive edema
A middle-aged adult with abdominal pain who is moaning and holding
c. her stomach
An older adult with nausea and vomiting for 3 days with blood
d. pressure 112/60
ANS: A
The infant should be seen first. An infant’s proportion of total body water
(70% to 80% total body weight) is greater than that of children or
adults. Infants and young children have greater water needs and
immature kidneys. They are at greater risk for extracellular volume
deficit and hypernatremia because body water loss is proportionately
greater per kilogram of weight. A teenager with excessive edema from
a sprained ankle can wait. A middle-aged adult moaning in pain can
wait as can an older adult with a blood pressure of 112/60.
10. The patient has an intravenous (IV) line and the nurse needs to
remove the gown. In which order will the nurse perform the steps,
starting with the first one?
1. Remove the sleeve of the gown from the arm without the IV.
2. Remove the sleeve of the gown from the arm with the IV.
3. Remove the IV solution container from its stand.
4. Pass the IV bag and tubing through the sleeve.
a. 1, 2, 3, 4
b. 2, 3, 4, 1
c. 3, 4, 1, 2
d. 4, 1, 2, 3
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