Summary Detailed anatomy & physiology of shoulder complex
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Course
HUB1019F
Institution
University Of Cape Town (UCT)
This is a detailed summary of the shoulder including the bones, joints, ligaments and muscles. Their orgin, insertion, blood supply and nerve innervation with many pictures and illustrations.
SHOULDER
Normal shoulder function is important for throwing sport & everyday function
Glenohumeral joint → ball & socket
o Glenoid cavity has shallow socket & is inherently unstable
BONES OF SHOULDER
3 bones make up the shoulder
Scapula
Flat & triangular, 3 borders (superior, medial & lateral) & 2 angles(superior & inferior)
Several large fossae
,Ligament & muscle attachments
Conoid ligament(cone-shaped) of coracoclavicular ligament
o attaches clavicle to scapula(coracoid)
Coracoacromial ligament
o attaches acromion to coracoid
Coracobrachialis & short head biceps
o Coracobrachialis muscle attaches coracoid to sternum
Deltoid muscle
Inferior belly of omohyoid
Infraspinatus muscle
Latissimus dorsi muscle
Levator scapulae muscle
Long head of triceps
Pectoralis minor moves scapula
o Pectoralis major moves humerus
Rhomboid major &
Rhomboid minor
o attaches to scapula on medial side & pulls the scapula to the spine
Serratus anterior
o attaches to scapula & assists with protraction and retraction of the shoulder
Subscapularis muscle
Superior transverse scapular ligament
Supraspinatus muscle lies above scapula spine
Teres major (below teres minor)
Teres minor & intervening groove for circumflex scapular artery
o Two parts of teres minor muscle
Trapezius helps move the scapula in all different direction
Trapezoid ligament of coracoclavicular ligament
, ANTERIOR POSTERIOR
Humerus (proximal)
Head projects medially & superiorly → articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula
Tubercles
Attachment of rotator cuff muscles:
→ subscapularis
→ infraspinatus
→ supraspinatus
→ teres minor
Intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)
Tendon of long head of biceps brachii passes through
Lips & floor of sulcus
Attachment of pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi & teres major
Attachment for deltoid muscle (deltoid tuberosity) laterally & coracobrachialis medially
Radial sulcus/groove
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