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Samenvatting van 42 pagina's voor het vak Onderzoeksvaardigheden aan de VIVES
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Onderzoek en kwaliteit 1Inhoudsopgave
1 Hoofdstuk 1: basisbegrippen/ boek ........................................................................................ 5
Wetenschappelijk verantwoordelijk onderzoek ............................................................. 5
Soorten onderzoek .......................................................................................................... 5
1.2.1 Verschillende doelen: fundamenteel en praktijkgericht onderzoek ...................... 5
1.2.2 Verschillende grondvormen: kwantitatief en kwalitatief onderzoek ..................... 5
1.2.3 Verschillende tijdperspectieven .............................................................................. 6
Eisen aan onderzoek ....................................................................................................... 6
1.3.1 Wetenschappelijk eisen .......................................................................................... 6
1.3.2 Ethische eisen.......................................................................................................... 7
1.3.3 Praktische eisen....................................................................................................... 8
Het onderzoeksproces: fasen in een onderzoek ............................................................. 8
1.4.1 stap 1: opmaak van onderzoeksplan....................................................................... 8
1.4.2 Stap 2: onderzoeksontwerp .................................................................................... 8
1.4.3 Stap 3: dataverzameling: ......................................................................................... 8
1.4.4 Stap 4: data-analyse ................................................................................................ 8
1.4.5 Stap 5: rapportage................................................................................................... 8
2 Hoofdstuk 1: basisbegrippen/ cursus...................................................................................... 8
EBP .................................................................................................................................. 8
2.1.1 Achtergrond EBP-practice ....................................................................................... 8
2.1.2 De 5stappen van EBP .............................................................................................. 9
3 Hoofdstuk 2: het onderzoeksplan / boek ................................................................................ 9
De probleemstelling ........................................................................................................ 9
3.1.1 De aanleiding ........................................................................................................... 9
3.1.2 De doelstelling ......................................................................................................... 9
3.1.3 De afbakening van het onderwerp en de doelgroep .............................................. 9
3.1.4 De onderzoeksvragen.............................................................................................. 9
3.1.5 De visuele voorstelling van verklarende onderzoeksvragen ................................. 10
Bepalen van de grondvorm: de keuze voor kwantitatief of kwalitatief onderzoek ..... 12
3.2.1 De keuze bij verklarende onderzoeksvragen ........................................................ 12
3.2.2 De keuze bij beschrijvende onderzoeksvragen ..................................................... 12
Het onderzoeksontwerp ............................................................................................... 12
3.3.1 Wat waarnemen? .................................................................................................. 13
3.3.2 Wie waarnemen? .................................................................................................. 13
3.3.3 Hoe waarnemen? .................................................................................................. 13
, Een vooruitblik op de volgende stappen in het onderzoeksproces .............................. 14
3.4.1 Verschillen in de dataverzameling ........................................................................ 14
3.4.2 Verschillen in de data-analyse en rapportage....................................................... 14
4 Hoofdstuk 2: het onderzoeksplan / cursus ........................................................................... 14
PICO ............................................................................................................................... 14
4.1.1 Onderzoeksvragen formuleren met de PICO als hulpmiddel ............................... 14
Samenvatting ................................................................................................................ 14
4.2.1 Onderzoeksvraag................................................................................................... 14
4.2.2 Conceptueel model ............................................................................................... 15
4.2.3 Onderzoekdesigns ................................................................................................. 15
5 Hoofdstuk 3: steekproeftrekking/ boek ................................................................................ 16
Basisbegrippen: onderzoekseenheden, populatie en steekproef ................................ 16
5.1.1 Onderzoekseenheden ........................................................................................... 16
5.1.2 Populatie ............................................................................................................... 16
5.1.3 Populatieonderzoek .............................................................................................. 17
5.1.4 Steekproefonderzoek ............................................................................................ 17
Aselecte steekproeven .................................................................................................. 17
5.2.1 Toevallige selectie ................................................................................................. 17
5.2.2 Steekproefkader .................................................................................................... 17
5.2.3 Principes ................................................................................................................ 17
5.2.4 Types ..................................................................................................................... 18
5.2.5 Externe geldigheid................................................................................................. 20
5.2.6 Responsmaximalisatie ........................................................................................... 21
Niet-theoretische selecte steekproeven ....................................................................... 21
5.3.1 Principes ................................................................................................................ 22
5.3.2 Types ..................................................................................................................... 22
5.3.3 Externe geldigheid................................................................................................. 22
Theoretisch selecte steekproeven ................................................................................ 23
5.4.1 Principes ................................................................................................................ 23
5.4.2 Types ..................................................................................................................... 23
5.4.3 Externe geldigheid................................................................................................. 24
5.4.4 Samenvatting ........................................................................................................ 24
6 Opzoeken via limo ................................................................................................................. 25
Literatuurstudie............................................................................................................. 25
Zoektermen en trefwoorden......................................................................................... 25
Selectie van bronnen..................................................................................................... 25
Volgens limo catalogus.................................................................................................. 25
2
,7 Opzoeken van bronnen buiten limo ..................................................................................... 26
Databanken ................................................................................................................... 26
Open acces tijdschriften................................................................................................ 26
8 APA-richtlijnen ...................................................................................................................... 26
Refereren, parafraseren, citeren en plagiaat ................................................................ 26
Bronnen vermelden ...................................................................................................... 27
9 Richtlijnen en literatuur lezen, beoordelen en interpreteren .............................................. 27
Onderdelen wetenschappelijk artikel( cursus p 64) ..................................................... 27
Tips voor lezen van artikelen ........................................................................................ 28
Ethische en juridische aspecten .................................................................................... 28
Level of evidence........................................................................................................... 28
10 Inleiding ............................................................................................................................. 29
11 Ontstaan ............................................................................................................................ 29
Kwaliteit in Vlaamse gezondheidsorganisaties ............................................................. 29
11.1.1 Wet op de ziekenhuizen ........................................................................................ 29
11.1.2 Patiëntenrecht: « recht op kwaliteitsvolle dienstverlening » ............................... 29
11.1.3 Kwaliteitsdecreten ................................................................................................ 29
11.1.4 Tweede kwaliteitsdecreet ..................................................................................... 30
12 De begrippen kwaliteit en kwaliteitszorg.......................................................................... 30
Kwaliteit ........................................................................................................................ 30
Kwaliteitszorg ................................................................................................................ 31
13 Stijgende aandacht voor kwaliteitszorg in de gezondheidszorg ....................................... 32
14 Kritieke succesfactoren om kwaliteitsvol te werken ........................................................ 32
15 Beleid, missie en visie........................................................................................................ 33
16 Kwaliteitsinstrumenten ..................................................................................................... 33
Technieken om ideeën te ontwikkelen ......................................................................... 33
16.1.1 Brainstorming ........................................................................................................ 33
16.1.2 Benchmarking ....................................................................................................... 33
Technieken voor oorzaak-gevolg analyse ..................................................................... 33
16.2.1 Pareto-analyse....................................................................................................... 33
16.2.2 Visgraatdiagram .................................................................................................... 33
Technieken voor evaluatie en besluitvorming .............................................................. 34
16.3.1 SWOT-analyse ....................................................................................................... 34
17 Kwaliteitszorg op macro, meso- en microniveau .............................................................. 34
Kwaliteitszorg op macroniveau ..................................................................................... 34
Kwaliteitszorg op mesoniveau ...................................................................................... 35
Kwaliteitszorg op microniveau ...................................................................................... 35
3
, 18 Implementeren van kwaliteit (kwaliteitsdenkers) ............................................................ 35
Deming .......................................................................................................................... 35
18.1.1 De Demingcirkel .................................................................................................... 35
Crosby............................................................................................................................ 36
19 Leanmanagement ............................................................................................................. 37
Algemeen ...................................................................................................................... 37
Lean op werkvloer ......................................................................................................... 37
20 Visualiseren kwaliteitszorg: kwaliteitsmuur, verbeterbord en veiligheidskruis ............... 38
21 Kwaliteitsmodellen............................................................................................................ 38
Diverse modellen voor (zelf)evaluatie (bruikbaar voor interne audits)........................ 38
21.1.1 EFQM-Excellence model........................................................................................ 38
21.1.2 INK-model.............................................................................................................. 39
21.1.3 ISO (International Organization of Standardization)............................................. 39
Certificatie (extern) ....................................................................................................... 39
Visitatie (overheid) ........................................................................................................ 39
Accreditatie ................................................................................................................... 40
21.4.1 Conceptueel kader JCI standaarden ...................................................................... 40
21.4.2 Conceptueel kader NIAZ standaarden .................................................................. 40
22 Patiëntveiligheid................................................................................................................ 41
23 BESLUIT.............................................................................................................................. 42
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