EXAM 1 EVOLVE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
Health Promotion Chapter 1
Health is considered to be a metaparadigm for nursing and
includes which of the following components?
• Person
• Health
• Environment
• Nursing
• Psychosocial wellness
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that
realizes a person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context. Health is
considered to be part of the metaparadigm for nursing, which includes the four
components of person, health, environment, and nursing. Health encompasses spiritual,
developmental, and environmental aspects over time. Psychosocial wellness is not
considered to be one of the four components of the metaparadigm for nursing.
The nurse is teaching about primary prevention and
includes which educational statement in the instructions?
• Everyone should participate in colorectal cancer screening.
• Health teaching about the risk factors of heart disease should be performed.
• Limiting disability is a vital role of nursing since preventive measures are therapeutic.
• The nurse is involved in minimizing the effects of disease and disability by surveillance
and maintenance.
Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction. Primary prevention intervention
includes health promotion, such as health teaching about risk factors for heart disease,
and specific protection, such as immunization against hepatitis B. Its purpose is to
decrease the vulnerability of the individual or population to disease or dysfunction.
People are taught to use appropriate primary preventive measures. Screening is secondary
prevention because the principle goal is to identify individuals in an early, detectable
stage of the disease process. Delayed recognition of disease results in the need to limit
future disability in late secondary prevention. Tertiary prevention occurs when a defect or
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EXAM 1 EVOLVE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
disability is permanent and irreversible. The process is minimizing the effects the disease
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EXAM 1 EVOLVE QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
and disability by surveillance and maintenance activities aimed at preventing
complications and deterioration.
In addition to changes in ethnic and racial distribution
within the population, it is expected that changes in
distribution will affect health-promotion practice.
• geographical
• environmental
• age
• social
In addition to changes in the ethnic and racial distribution within the population, the
projected changes in age distribution will affect health-promotion practice. Considerable
growth is expected in the proportion of the population that is 25 years of age and older.
Analysis of population trends and projections helps health professionals determine
changing needs. Additionally, analysis of the social and economic environment is
necessary for developing social policy concerning health. Geographical, environmental,
and social aspects are not expected means of impacting health-promotional practices
although social and environmental concerns determine health outcomes.
The client who would be least likely to participate in health
teaching activities would choose which model?
• Clinical model
• Adaptive model
• Role performance model
• Eudaimonistic model
The clinical model of health has the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as
indicative of health. People who use this model of health to guide their use of health care
services may not seek preventative health services, or they may wait until they are very ill
to seek care. Personal responsibility for health may not be a motivating factor for this
individual because the provider is responsible for dealing with the health problem and
returning the person to a state of health. Attempts at health-promoting activities may not
be effective with this person. The role performance model has the ability to perform
social roles as indicative of health. This model is the basis for work and school physical
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EXAM 1 EVOLVE QUESTIONS &
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examinations and physician-excused absences. The adaptive model of health has the
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