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Summary Unit 4 A1 Learning aim A: Understand the importance of health and safety in scientific organisations
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Health & Safety in Science organisationsUnit/Criteria reference:
Understand the importance of health and safety in scientific organizations.
Choose a scientific organisation & describe its activities & roles
The science-based organisation chosen is GSK (GlaxoSmithKline). The main activities of this
organisation are pharmaceutical medicines, vaccines, & consumer health care products.
Research, Develop & Manufacturing
1.Pharmaceutical medicines (Pharmaceutical Research & Development)
GSK focuses on the understanding of the immune system, of which human genetics is used to
understand the way the body works and how to target micro-organisms that makes people ill. In the
long run GSK tries to use human genetics and the modern and advanced technologies that is use day-
to-day lives plus with the support of Science x Technology x Culture – from this it can help them to
accelerate the process of creating transformational medicines which will help reduce the death rates of
millions of people. – by terminating fewer promising programmes, it helps GSK to focus on
medicines in areas that need more attention on, example like currently GSK is focusing on
developing, researching & manufacturing on oncology (the study of cancer) (GSK.2002-2021).
2.Vaccines (Research & Development)
GSK focuses on vigorous pipeline and a mobile life-cycle management of vaccines of which were
created before that are seeking to help refuge people from expanding information and research on
existing vaccines and by delivering vaccines to many countries – especially the ones that are in low
income, & slow developing countries. GSK wants to help spread discoveries, development and
manufacturing of vaccines that work for many people. Vaccines will also help in accelerating in key
diseases, that can be used by current vaccines of which will be development through modern
technologies. By doing so GSK are trying to accelerate in delivery of their promising vaccines. Which
will help save many people’s lives to be immune to diseases like COVD-19 (GSK.2002-2021).
3.Consumer Healthcare R&D products (Develop & Manufacturing)
This section of GSK helps develop the following products like oral health, pain relief respiratory,
nutrition, gastrointestinal and skin health. GSK creates these products so that customers. Oral Health
experts that create unique customer needs with scientific investigation. GSK is able cure peoples
teeth’s healthier & pain-free, by developing & manufacturing products like Aqua fresh, Sensodyne, &
Corsodyl this can help in answering to the needs of the customers; as to relive pain and reduce
,inflammation and help manage people’s symptoms so can have happier products that will ensure that
their pain is reduced. Another drug would Panadol & Voltarol this is a respiratory product that can
help cure the common cold, flu, nasal decongestant, allergies, and smoking cessation. Moreover, these
more products developed like Beechams, Piriton, Nicotinell, and Breathe Right another most common
drugs like these are developed, for illnesses that are very common. Additionally, Skin Health
medicine have products that helps in specific treatments like cold sores, itchy skin and athlete’s foot –
products developed like Zovirax and Oilatum. (GSK, 2001-2021).
Introduce two scientific environments and a research & development/testing in a lab
organization
The Scientific environments chosen for academic is High School and for research and development
is Microbiology Lab.
In a High School lab, students learn to develop important skills that start to help understand the
process of scientific investigations and this is where students learn about research of scientific
concepts and learn to follow health and safety and use basic equipment’s like microscopes to further
increase in knowledge of using equipment, that students chosen to study science & then can be helpful
to outline things students will learn in depth once in university & will help broaden the students
knowledge (Anon., 2015).
In a microbiology lab, it helps to make a huge impact in peoples day-today lives that make sure that
the foods that people buy from supermarkets are safe to eat & also it helps treat and prevent chronic
diseases. Diseases that strip human, moreover things that scientists are developing technologies &
microbes that play a part in climate change (Microbiology Society, 2021).
Describe the similar hazards for research & development/testing & academic lab. Explain the
health & safety measures for the hazards
Corrosives chemicals: this is where a chemical can cause visible
damage, irreparable damage to the human skin, & eye damage when
in contact and the possibility of being corrosive to metals. In other
words, it’s a highly reactive substance of which can cause serious
damage to the living tissue by a chemical action, this could be
explanatory in working with strong acids (Acids: HCL, H2SO4,
HNO3), strong bases (NaOH, KOH, NH4OH) and oxidizing agents
(H2O2, KMnO4, HNO3). As with microbiologist use these types of
chemicals within their labs.
In a high school laboratory students could be handling off with
chemicals as listed above, this could happen due to the misinformation
of students not knowing on what the chemical properties – ingredients
the severity of each and could potentially cause severe harm to others
and if girls hair is very long and not tied up properly it could potentially
get in contact with your eye or even getting spilled as a “joke” by
students who might mess around and not following the procedures and
using and putting them away if not accurately closed and stored when
finished or spillage on clothes and not wearing an apron to protect the
students. Typically, if wearing something sleeveless it could get
absorbed in the skin and seriously cause severe burns aswellas jewelry
that have been in contact could be misplaced by accidentally on the skin.
That of which without really realizing and not listening to teachers
, instructions and walking around with the chemical and teachers should
count in total before & after. Microbiologists use corrosive chemicals as
mentioned above in like antiseptics and disinfectants in when developing
product like these it needs to vary in high school students, but also
microbiologists need to listen to their employers on safety procedures
within the labs they work at.
Always read the label on the chemical before using it and review the
basic safety information concerning the properties of a chemical. So,
it is the teacher’s responsibility to be fully aware of the hazards and
risks of all chemicals the students are using and minimize the
exposure is to wear chemical goggles, aprons, and gloves – this is to
prevent the skin from getting damaged or the eyes like being
blinded. Wearing science friendly clothing to avoid chemical
exposing the skin and listening to teachers’ instructions and should
wash the chemical off with water. By having a list on the instructions
when developing products. Once provided with the product its
helping to make sure the safety procedures are delt with (Safety
instructions, 2014).
Fire Hazard: this hazard is potent to gasoline, fire, and oxygen
which will cause massive explosions. Since vapors can travel very
long distances and may ignite if near a flame or spark. In a high
school lab similar hazard like fire would be boiling water for
practical which can cause severe burns and if students’ clothes are
loose it may potentially catch on fire or when wearing gloves like
latex – it could potentially create an allergic reaction to the skin and
besides latex can stick to the skin and cause severe burns and make
your skin peel. Or if someone hasn’t tied up their hair especially if it
is long. Flammable chemicals and naked flames can be dangerous.
Henceforth, large fires are rare in a microbiology and a high school
lab. Then again in the labs flash fires, explosions, rapid spread of
fire, and toxicity of flammable substances are likely to happen. To
prevent this from happening clothes should be not loose fitted or
wearing gloves that are not fitted to be in use when working with
fire and tying up your long hair is essential. Keep work areas tidy
and organized, put things that are not needed away back into the
correct storage, keep the aisles, doors and the emergency exist clear
and free from mess to prevent difficulties in escaping, the wires
should not be exposed wiring or circuits which are not in use,
maintaining proper ventilation. In the lab it used to work to avoid
errors and not to the use extension cord, this as a permanent way to
make it easier for you as somebody could potentially cause a spark
and cause fires and to make sure the technicians who specialize in
fixing the sprinkler and when using flammable chemicals, it can
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