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Unit 4 A4 Learning aim D: Understand how scientific information may be stored and communicated in a workplace laboratory
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Storing & communicating information in a laboratoryP7: Explain how scientific information in a workplace laboratory is recorded and processed to
meet the needs of the customer and to ensure traceability.
For this purpose, the importance of understanding why data is significantly important can
revolutionise understanding of scientific data that is used in everyday lives.
As such the organisations chosen to be discussed about are AstraZeneca as the Research &
Development lab & NHS blood testing lab.
First, what are the scientific data AstraZeneca & its partnership with Oxford deals with? As it’s a
research & development lab, now currently are working on the COVID-19 vaccine which has proven
to be 90% effective.
Within AstraZeneca, the customers are the community pharmacy which play apart of AstraZeneca
Direct to the pharmacy distribution which in this case will be allowing access to buy medicines
directly from agency partners, the positive side of this is that it can help AstraZeneca be able to
communicate to understand what the needs of customers are. Additionally, this can allow the national
supplier (McKesson UK) to get the products which are in need by the customers. For this purpose, by
buying medicines directly from the organisation that is in partnership with this agency; this is a
majorly great highlight as communication with customers & to understand greater needs of what is
required. Moreover, the dispensing doctors are essential in playing in delivering the needs of patient
care & by suppling these medicines will help to allow to work effectively as this discount structure
that helps in to provide trading terms & these products will be discounted.
Furthermore, there are efficient supply of hospitals – where the needs of services required at modern
hospital pharmacy departments which ensures that AstraZeneca members to have a thorough
communication with patients as it allows to have a better direct face-to-face communication &
understanding the needs of the customers, where the patients can benefit from it. Now, non-dispensing
doctors can provide delivery services to GP where it can be custom made. So, GP’s aren’t licensed to
give out medications as there is a certain requirement that dispensing medication needs to be met to
the standard of NHS prescriptions in England & Wales & for that reason. AstraZeneca is working
with the Phoenix Healthcare (the downside is that there is only a certain number of products that are
available through this channel). There is a direct communication to national supplier (Phoenix
Healthcare) like mentioned above, this ensures that by knowing where the products come from allow
traceability, as the organisation & the customers know where the supply comes from, as if there is an
incident then knowing where the product is from, it can be accessible to allow a report to be written
against the national supplier & can allow inspections to take place. By giving the customers
reasonable information ensures that where products come from in which is used in day-to-day lives
(Anon., 2020).
So how does AstraZeneca record the data as mentioned in the introduction? The Scientific data of
this vaccine testing was based on INTRANET, where this data was private this was due to personal
details of volunteers that might not have wanted to share it, as it goes against confidentiality if one
was to share out information to the third parties as cookies are collected (cookies are data where
websites can access personal details) to which valuable information can sold and be used to track.
,Where AstraZeneca has now published data where 131 COVID-19 cases were reported that was
stored in LIMS SYSTEM (Laboratory Information Management system) & was collected through
paper sampling of 11,363 participants. In effect, what’s astounding is that two full doses of the
vaccine was only 62% effective as data collected on the volunteers on how bodies reacted to it & by
monitoring on what was happening ensured that by tracing the effects on the volunteers ensured safety
to which by knowing about the volunteers ensured that it was traceable, henceforth only one full
proved to be 90% effective, where this portrays that this analysis was conducted on a small set of
participants at least 2,741 volunteers & this can be shown through results tables that this vaccine can
work on patients that did not have COVID-19 (Anon., 2020).
The waste disposal data is that they work with third parties to manage its disposal (biological &
hazardous waste) as it can have a major impact of the environment and human for having a
sustainability report and where it describes progress & challenges. The sustainability data where the
organisation has committed to a letter of assurance as they this was done due to the 2019 annual
report. Where it was in accordance with the internal standard on assurance engagements 3000 & ISAE
3100 (standard assurance of having non-financial information). Which approaches data held in from
delivering sustainability targets in key events at senior leaders meeting & then its financial reporting’s
where the ESG investor see relations with representatives and are engaged in dialogue events, risk
management where the company uses the company risk reviews that use LIMS systems to help ensure
how it can improve in a particular area. Health & Safety records show that no serious safety record
were related to this vaccine because this data is important to know, as some people may not agree, but
the fact it did not cause serious issues with healthy people, showcases that safety measures were taken
& they use SHE records (are records that have been used to track & trace) & communications
training, meetings, internal audits, inspections, and other SHE management documents and where the
documents will be identified, controlled & also this is the retained & disposal schedule. This ensured
traceability as by having these discussions can show how they are making sure to trace how the
volunteers are because if weren’t looked after, then this could turn threatening to the volunteer’s
health.
Its quality assurance has stated that at least 3 billion doses of the vaccine to be produced by 2021 &
the use of Laboratory Information Management system (LIMS SYSTEM). This can assure data is
saved and stored safely, as the people that conduct these experiments, by having them in a security
kept, can assure that they don’t go against the Data Protection Act 1998, because if the volunteers
weren’t to consent, then it would break the law. So, by having it kept through passwords and to know
who has accessed from the teams, ensures that if there were a problem an instant resolution can be
found. Now some volunteers may accept to be written about if they choose to consent as it can be
used through the news as for the population to praise & show great deal of respect. Ultimately,
AstraZeneca now it establishes scientific review board to support that the clinical trial data – data
scientific review board, the data also has been provided to health authorities to support approved. On
Management structure as they have in a LIMS system of records of at least 750 records with an
average of 96 pages & 250 records of the former employees within this organisation, where they use it
digitally where they use a HR System (also known as the Human Resources software – which is used
by businesses to store employee data). As there is a structure of 15 different categories now which is
digitally used and saved, by storing data can ensure traceability through knowing individuals that
enables them to use their IDs & passwords for them to access certain data. However, they will have
limitations as by screenshotting information isn’t acceptable because if a hacker hijacked then who
would know what kind of data they would be stealing from & could risk leakage to other competitive
organisations who might steal data for the organisations benefits.
As stated, AstraZeneca has been using Iron Mountain (this is an American information management
services) where benefits of writing it where the employee numbers are stored with individual
personnel record with now which is known as the HR data. As an excel spreadsheet was created as it
can record the categorisation and therefore the benefits are that they can access many of can put many
document types. The PDF files are generated to make now a more standard and modern convention
and that the files can be uploaded as now it’s a new HR system, where the result of this is that its error
, free and the teamwork with the Iron Mountain is created to send index files to the AstraZeneca GmbH
systems. Whereas this is now in a data storage device, this is where all important information can be
stored & can help with tracing everything the company does, it gives a wide view on what the
employees should keep an eye on, the organisation development.
The management structure is formed of non-executive directors that are responsible for the strategy
and the policies of risk and where its corporate governance & monitoring progress where it shows to
have annual plans and the shareholders where there is proper conduct of the business. Overall, the
board has some of powers that are required by the 4 principal committees and the CEO. The CEO
leads the SET which has executive responsibility for the management, development, and performance
of the business.
But, within the company where the up-to-date information usage about the SHE hazards of the
materials as such as the vaccine aswellas equipment that is made available for the staff in a simple
form that is understandable. Hence, safety data sheets for the product as such as this vaccine,
especially the storage in a regular fridge temperature, where the information on products and
manufacturing processes, documents & the design construction and the procedures that are relating to
working practices this information is essential for traceability as if regulatory bodies (which are
inspectors that make sure that the organisation is following the law) by providing evidence keeps the
company running. Also, the suppliers are following the appropriate information where meetings are
done to set requirements of the staff & especially materials, services that the company.
With security wise, as to maintain reports, investigations, and activities to be taken to address any
reports that have been taken in an incident & to ensure that the safety of the staff is met. As the staff
members shouldn’t feel that they are at risk, by identifying hazards and getting them fixed is essential
for keeping the organisation running & by doing this report ensures traceability as to where the
organisation could do improvements at a particular area.
AstraZeneca extract useful information through sets of input data where the key information inputted
is personal data and what are required to do like samples from COVID patients that helps ensure their
developments of the vaccines and the death rates so it can target people that are affected and more
capable of dying from this virus and the ones that are suffering from respiratory issues. Where it can
use data that is send from patients that are taking part of the trials. By using graphs of statistical
analysis can target vast necessity of people that are in need. As a matter of fact, knowing the
effectivity of this will enable to conduct research on vaccine through portraying to the media on how
the vaccines work (typically for people that are anti-vaccine) through diagrams and are mentioned in
the news as such as the popular BBC news where the information on the vaccine which in the articles
it shows data sheets & records of the death rates and the populations that are mostly affected. So, by
understanding the disease & who it targets through data enables clinical trials to be held which when
mentioned in the news understandable words needs to use to ensure that people understand on what is
happening and even meetings where LIMS system was used to input results and the key information
to help target vaccine production to people that are elderly and that have respiratory conditions. The
vaccine trial volunteers show the pooled analysis of the clinical trials data from the COV002 Phase
II/III trial in the UK & COOV003 Phase III trial in Brazil, this shows 23,000 participants being
examined were 18 & over, they were racially dives & from groups that were healthy and were having
underlying health issues by keeping data like this make sures that every individual is looked after &
can ensure how the human system for many people works.
Furthermore, this ensures traceability that can help provide information on the physical flow of
products that making sure that they are in tip-top condition. Monitoring & showcasing real facts about
the vaccine and managing the temperature products on a global scale. Additionally, its important to
notice that the contract tracing vaccination certifications, pharmacovigilance (this is where you
monitor the effects of medical drugs after which they have been licensed to help provide identify & to
help evaluate reports on adverse reactions). They use barcodes on the vaccines to help capture the
produce code, serial numbers, expiry & batch data. Likewise, records that is based on an individual
that has been vaccinated with a verified pack & the batch & the expiry data, this is to ensure that they
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