Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children
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Course
NURSING 101
Institution
The University Of Bradford (UoB)
Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in
Children
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the most common type of shock in children?
a. Hypovolemic c. Neurogenic
b. Cardiogenic d. Septic
ANS: A
Hypovolemic shock, the most common type of shock in children, is associated with a
reduction...
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in
Children
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What is the most common type of shock in children?
a. Hypovolemic c. Neurogenic
b. Cardiogenic d. Septic
ANS: A
Hypovolemic shock, the most common type of shock in children, is associated with a
reduction in the intravascular volume relative to the vascular space.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1703
2. Hypotension is likely to occur when an infant or child is greater than
_____ % dehydrated.
a. 2 c. 7
b. 5 d. 10
ANS: D
Hypotension typically develops when dehydration is greater than 10% in the infant or
child or greater than 6% in the adolescent.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1703
3. A prolonged capillary refill time in children is consistent with the
development of what type of shock?
a. Hypovolemic c. Compensated
b. Septic d. Cardiogenic
ANS: B
The child with hypovolemic shock demonstrates signs of inadequate blood flow to some
tissue beds and some evidence of organ system dysfunction. The infant or child may be
irritable or lethargic. Respirations will be rapid and may be labored if shock is severe or
associated with myocardial failure. The skin will be mottled, although pallor also may be
observed. A prolonged capillary refill time (>2 seconds) is consistent with the
development of septic shock. This statement is not necessarily true of the other types of
shock.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1704
4. Bradycardia in young children experiencing shock symptoms often
suggests which result?
a. Onset of cardiac dysfunction
b. Effective management of cardiac
dysfunction
c. Good management of anxiety
d. Cardiovascular collapse
This study source was downloaded by 100000836386117 from CourseHero.com on 03-05-2022 10:15:13 GMT -06:00
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, a. Onset of cardiac dysfunction
b. Effective management of cardiac
dysfunction
c. Good management of anxiety
d. Cardiovascular collapse
ANS: D
Bradycardia often indicates impending cardiovascular collapse or cardiac arrest and is the
most common terminal cardiac rhythm observed in children. This selection is the only
option that accurately describes the impact of bradycardia on a child.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1704
5. What is the cause of appropriately 50% of the deaths in children who have
experienced a burn injury?
a. Immunosuppressio c. Inhalation injury
n
b. Hypermetabolism d. Hypertrophic
scarring
ANS: C
The leading cause of death in children after burn injury, as in adults, is an inhalation
injury. Inhalation injuries cause approximately 50% of all deaths in children with burns.
Although the other options are factors, they are not responsible for 50% of the deaths.
PTS: 1 REF: Pages 1715-1716
6. In cardiogenic shock, what is the cause of hepatomegaly and periorbital
edema?
a. Mass vasodilation as a result of chemical
mediators released from the myocardium
b. Low cardiac output, causing a high central
venous pressure
c. Tissue damage to the myocardium,
causing increased capillary permeability
d. Low perfusion of the kidneys, stimulating
the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
to retain sodium and water
ANS: B
Evidence of an adequate or high central venous pressure, including hepatomegaly and
periorbital edema, is observed in cardiogenic shock. This selection is the only option that
accurately identifies the cause of these symptoms.
PTS: 1 REF: Page 1704
7. Approximately 80% of all hospital-acquired infections in children are a
result of which type of organism?
a. Bacteria c. Fungi
b. Viruses d. Rickettsia
ANS: A
In adults and children, approximately 40% of all hospital-acquired infections are linked
This study source was downloaded by 100000836386117 from CourseHero.com on 03-05-2022 10:15:13 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/32157063/49pdf/
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