This document covers:
1. What is motivation
2. The need to motivate employees
3. Motivation theories:
-Abraham Maslow: the hierarchy of needs
-Frederick Taylor: the notion of ‘economic man’
-Elton mayo
-Fredrick Herzberg
-Douglas MacClelland
-Victor Vroom
4. Financial motivators:
...
Motivation
a desire to work willingly towards a stated aim.
Motivated workers are more likely to feel more involved in the workplace and can also feel
they are an important and valued part of the business rather than ‘just an employee’
The need to motivate employees:
An increase in productivity
Improved level in customer service – leading customers being able to differentiate
business to another
Better quality goods
Few mistakes
A possibility of decrease in productivity cost due to lower level of faulty goods being
produced – less wages on material
Reduced labour turnover
Lower level of absenteeism
Motivation theories:
Motivational theorists include:
- Abraham Maslow: the hierarchy of needs
- Frederick Taylor: the notion of ‘economic man’
- Elton mayo
- Fredrick Herzberg
- Douglas MacClelland
- Victor Vroom
Abraham Maslow (Maslow’s hierarchy of needs):
Maslow’s theory is based on successive human needs.
He arranged these needs in the form of a pyramid, with their order indication the priority that
they would take in the eye of most employees.
He identified a range of needs that he believed applied to most employees. The basic needs
must be satisfied first, then a series of needs arranged in a hierarchy.
Sel
f-
act
uali fulfilling potential
sa
tio
recognition and achievements
Esteemn needs
relationship with fellow
Social needs employees
contract of employement,
Security needs safe working environment
food, clothes,
Basic need (physiologcal) shelther
Satisfying these needs can be used to motivate employees.
Fredrick Taylor (Taylorism):
The basis of Taylor’s theory was that employees will give a fair day’s work for a fair day’s pay
and that they are motivated by financial incentives.
The best way of completing a task, train employees to employ the best method and pay them
according to their output - that is, piece of work.
Piece of work: workers are paid a stated amount for each unit produced.
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