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Samenvatting Grondtrekken van het Nederlandse Strafrecht

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Bij deze de samenvatting van (een groot deel) Grondtrekken van het Nederlandse Strafrecht. Met deze samenvatting heb ik een 8,6 behaald voor het tentamen Strafrecht in jaar 1 van SJD. LET OP: bij dit vak gebruikt InHolland nu een ander boek. Deze samenvatting is wel een uitgebreide samenvatting...

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  • Hoofdstuk 1 t/m 11 + 13
  • March 21, 2022
  • 50
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary
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Strafrecht
Samenvatti ng
Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1 Inleiding:.................................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Plaats van het strafrecht................................................................................................................................5
1.3 Doelen van straffen........................................................................................................................................5
1.4 Materieel strafrecht, formeel strafrecht en sanctierecht..............................................................................5
1.5 Commuun en bijzonder strafrecht..................................................................................................................6
1.6 Opbouw van het Wetboek van Strafrecht en het Wetboek van strafvordering............................................6
1.7 De invloed van internationaal en supranationaal recht................................................................................7

Hoofdstuk 2 Inleiding materieel strafrecht:.................................................................................................... 8
2.2 De opbouw van het strafbare feit in vier componenten................................................................................8
2.2.1 Het vierlagenmodel................................................................................................................................8
2.2.3 De wettelijke delictsomschrijving:..........................................................................................................8
2.2.4 De wederrechtelijkheid:.........................................................................................................................9
2.2.5 De schuld.................................................................................................................................................9
2.3 Legaliteit en interpretatie..............................................................................................................................9
2.4 Bestanddelen en elementen.........................................................................................................................10
2.5 Wederrechtelijkheid als bestanddeel: een moeilijk geval............................................................................10
2.6 Soorten delicten...........................................................................................................................................11
2.6.1 Misdrijven en overtredingen................................................................................................................11
2.6.2 Formele en materiële delicten............................................................................................................11
2.6.3 Commissie- en omissiedelicten............................................................................................................11
2.6.4 Gekwalificeerde en geprivilegieerde delicten......................................................................................12
2.7 Causaliteit.....................................................................................................................................................12

Hoofdstuk 3 Opzet en schuld:....................................................................................................................... 13
3.1 Inleiding:.......................................................................................................................................................13
3.2 Opzet............................................................................................................................................................13
3.2.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................................13
3.2.2 Graden van opzet..................................................................................................................................13
3.2.3 De wijze waarop het opzet in de wet is omschreven...........................................................................14
3.2.4 Opzet en geobjectiveerde delictsbestanddelen...................................................................................14
3.2.5 Door het gevolg gekwalificeerde delicten............................................................................................14
3.2.6 Slotopmerking.......................................................................................................................................14
3.3 Culpa.............................................................................................................................................................14
3.3.1 Nogmaals terminologie........................................................................................................................14
3.3.2 Inhoud van de culpa.............................................................................................................................15
3.3.3 Bewuste en onbewuste culpa...............................................................................................................15
3.4 De grens tussen bewuste culpa en voorwaardelijk opzet............................................................................15

Hoofdstuk 4 Strafuitsluitingsgronden........................................................................................................... 17


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, 4.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................................................................17
4.2 Wettelijke strafuitsluitingsgronden:.............................................................................................................17
4.2.1 Noodweer.............................................................................................................................................17
4.2.2 Noodweerexces:...................................................................................................................................18
4.2.3 Psychische overmacht:.........................................................................................................................18
4.2.4 Overmacht als noodtoestand...............................................................................................................19
4.2.5 Bevoegd en onbevoegd gegeven ambtelijk bevel................................................................................19
4.2.6 Wettelijk voorschrift.............................................................................................................................19
4.2.7 Ontoerekeningsvatbaarheid.................................................................................................................19
4.3 Ongeschreven strafuitsluitingsgronden.......................................................................................................20
4.3.1 Inleiding:...............................................................................................................................................20
4.3.2 Afwezigheid van alle schuld:.................................................................................................................20
4.3.3 Ontbreken van materiële wederrechtelijkheid:...................................................................................20

Hoofdstuk 5 Poging en voorbereiding........................................................................................................... 21
5.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................................................................21
5.2 Poging...........................................................................................................................................................21
5.2.1 Wettelijke omschrijving........................................................................................................................21
5.2.2 Verschillende theorieën over begin van uitvoering.............................................................................21
5.2.3 Het cito-criterium.................................................................................................................................21
5.2.4 Zichtbaarheid?......................................................................................................................................22
5.2.6 Overige opmerkingen...........................................................................................................................22
5.3 Voorbereiding:..............................................................................................................................................22
5.4 Het onderscheid tussen poging en voorbereiding........................................................................................22
5.5 Vrijwillige terugtred.....................................................................................................................................22

Hoofdstuk 6 Deelneming.............................................................................................................................. 23
6.1 Inleiding:.......................................................................................................................................................23
6.2 wettelijke regeling:.......................................................................................................................................23
6.3 Medeplegen:................................................................................................................................................23
6.3.1 Inleiding:...............................................................................................................................................23
6.3.2 Nauwe samenwerking:.........................................................................................................................23
6.3.3 Opzet van de medepleger:...................................................................................................................23
6.3.4 Vormen van medeplegen.....................................................................................................................24
6.4 Uitlokking.....................................................................................................................................................24
6.4.1 Inleiding:...............................................................................................................................................24
6.4.2 Opzet van de uitlokker:.........................................................................................................................24
6.4.3 Uitlokkingsmiddelen:............................................................................................................................24
6.4.4 Opzet en gedraging van de uitgelokte:.................................................................................................24
6.5 Doen plegen.................................................................................................................................................25
6.6 Medeplichtigheid..........................................................................................................................................25

Hoofdstuk 7 Inleiding strafprocesrecht......................................................................................................... 26
7.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................................................................26
7.2 Eenvoudige strafzaak...................................................................................................................................26
7.3 Procesdeelnemers........................................................................................................................................26
7.3.1 Algemeen..............................................................................................................................................26
7.3.2 De verdachte.........................................................................................................................................27
7.3.3 Rechten van de verdachte....................................................................................................................28

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, 7.3.4 De getuige.............................................................................................................................................29
7.3.5 De deskundige......................................................................................................................................29
7.4 Procesfasen..................................................................................................................................................29
7.4.1 Algemeen..............................................................................................................................................29
7.4.2 Vervolging.............................................................................................................................................30
7.5 Proceshandelingen.......................................................................................................................................30
7.5.1 Legaliteitsbeginsel................................................................................................................................30
7.5.2 Bestanddelen van de bevoegdheid verlenende norm.........................................................................30
7.5.3 Beginselen van een behoorlijke procedure..........................................................................................31

Hoofdstuk 8 Het voorbereidend onderzoek.................................................................................................. 32
8.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................................................................32
8.2 Opsporingsonderzoek...................................................................................................................................32
8.2.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................................32
8.2.2 Opsporing en controle..........................................................................................................................32
8.2.3 De aanvang van het opsporingsonderzoek..........................................................................................33
8.2.4 Opsporingsambtenaren........................................................................................................................33
8.2.5 Het OM als leider van het opsporingsonderzoek.................................................................................33
8.3 Opsporingsbevoegdheden............................................................................................................................33
8.3.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................................33
8.3.2 Staande houden en legitimatieplicht...................................................................................................34
8.3.3 Aanhouding...........................................................................................................................................34
8.3.4 Ophouden voor onderzoek...................................................................................................................35
8.3.5 Inverzekeringstelling.............................................................................................................................35
8.3.6 Voorlopige hechtenis............................................................................................................................35

Hoofdstuk 9 Vervolging................................................................................................................................ 37
9.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................................................................37
9.2 Het OM.........................................................................................................................................................37
9.3 De vervolgingsbeslissing en opportuniteit...................................................................................................38
9.4 Vervolgingsbeletselen..................................................................................................................................38
9.5 De beginselen van een behoorlijke procesorde............................................................................................39
9.6 Transactie.....................................................................................................................................................40
9.7 Strafbeschikking...........................................................................................................................................40

Hoofdstuk 10 Het onderzoek ter terechtzitting.............................................................................................41
10.1 Inleiding......................................................................................................................................................41
10.2 Openbaarheid.............................................................................................................................................41
10.3 Karakter van het onderzoek ter terechtzitting...........................................................................................41
10.4 Wat aan de zitting voorafgaat...................................................................................................................42
10.4.1 De dagvaarding...................................................................................................................................42
10.4.2 De tenlastelegging..............................................................................................................................42
10.4.3 De verdediging....................................................................................................................................42
10.4.4 De rechters.........................................................................................................................................42
10.5 Het onderzoek ter terechtzitting................................................................................................................42

Hoofdstuk 11 Het rechterlijk beslissingsschema........................................................................................... 44
11.1 Inleiding......................................................................................................................................................44

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, 11.1.1 De vragen van de artikelen 348 en 350 Sv.........................................................................................44
11.1.2 Het onderscheid tussen de formele en materiële vragen..................................................................44
11.1.3 De grondslagleer.................................................................................................................................44
11.2 De formele vragen......................................................................................................................................45
11.2.1 Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................45
11.2.2 De eerste vraag: geldigheid van de dagvaarding...............................................................................45
11.2.3 De tweede vraag: bevoegdheid van de rechter.................................................................................46
11.2.4 De derde vraag: ontvankelijkheid van de officier van justitie............................................................46
11.2.5 De vierde vraag: schorsing der vervolging.........................................................................................46
11.3 Materiële vragen........................................................................................................................................46
11.3.1 Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................46
11.3.2 De eerste vraag: bewezenverklaring..................................................................................................46
11.3.3 De tweede vraag: kwalificatie............................................................................................................46
11.3.4 De derde vraag: wederrechtelijkheid.................................................................................................47
11.3.5 De vierde vraag: verwijtbaarheid.......................................................................................................47
11.4 Complicaties...............................................................................................................................................47
11.5 Hoofdregels................................................................................................................................................47
11.6 Beslissen en motiveren...............................................................................................................................47

Hoofdstuk 13 straffen en maatregelen......................................................................................................... 48
13.1 Inleiding......................................................................................................................................................48
13.1.1 Strafrechtelijke sancties.....................................................................................................................48
13.1.2 Strafbedreiging...................................................................................................................................48
13.2 Hoofdstraffen.............................................................................................................................................48
13.2.2 Gevangenisstraf en hechtenis............................................................................................................48
13.2.3 Taakstraf.............................................................................................................................................49
13.2.4 Geldboete...........................................................................................................................................49
13.4 Maatregelen...............................................................................................................................................50
13.4.1 Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................50
13.4.6 Plaatsing in een inrichting voor stelselmatige daders........................................................................50




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