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Samenvatting H7 MEMO GS
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Samenvatting H7 MEMO, goedgekeurd door docent.
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7.1 AbsolutismeOntstaan van absolutisme
● Vorst wil niet meer overleggen
● Streven naar uitbreiding macht & versterking centraal gezag
● Vanaf 1614 geen Staten-Generaal meer
● Macht adel inperken
○ Ambtenarenapparaat uitbreiden -> adellijke functies vervangen
○ Rechtstreeks belasting heffen
● Toen Lodewijk XIV alleenheerser was ->
○ Resterende overlegorganen legde hij zijn wil op
-> Absolutisme
Belangrijke figuren ->
● Kardinalen
○ Richelieu
○ Mazarin
● Vorsten
○ Lodewijk XIII
○ Lodewijk XIV
4 Terreinen absolutisme
1. Politiek
● Koning neemt alle beslissingen en accepteerde geen tegenspraak
● Ambtenaren die aan hem rechtstreeks rapporteerden
● Nieuwe wetten afkondigen
● Censuur
2. Militair
● Staand beroepsleger
● Professionalisering leger -> hoge salarissen
● Afschaffing verkopen titels in leger -> opwerken
- Betrouwbaar
- Macht adel inperken
3. Economisch
● Mercantilisme
- Rijkdom van land gaat ten koste van een ander land
- Grote goud en zilver voorraad
- Export bevorderen & import beperken
4. Religieus
● Eenvormigheid
- Kardinalen in bestuur
● Edict van Nantes herroepen -> geloofsvrijheid ongeldig verklaren + vervolgen
-> veel vluchtelingen naar o.a. Republiek
● Droit divin -> plaatsvervanger van God op aarde -> Koning stond boven de
wet
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