Exam (elaborations)
Actividades acido base
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Actividades acido base tipo ebau
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Nara Ruiz -Caninas cueli 2° bach A .
Al 1) S C) S
1. Para preparar una disolución acuosa ácida utilizaría como soluto: i) CH3COONa(s); ii) KNO3(s) iii) NH4Cl(s). Justifique la respuesta. Datos:
Ka(CH3COOH) = 1,8 x 10-5; Kb(NH3) = 1,8 x 10-5.
Para obtener una disolución ácida hay que usar la sal en la que uno de sus
iones sufra hidrólisis y que en ella se produzcan protones ( Host ) .
a) CH 3 COONA ( S )
Na+
-
CH3 ( OONA ( S) s
CH } COO +
•
no sufre hidrólisis
si hidrólisis
-
El
-
CH3 COO sufre pero con OH
- -
H2O
°
CH 3 COO +
< CHZCOOH +
OH
NO Utuizariá el CH > COOHNA como soneto para preparar una disolución ácida .
b) KN 03 ( S)
"
KNO K NO
-
> +
3 }
NO hay hidrólisis porque el ácido y base conjugados son muy débiles y la
base KOH y el ácido HNO } muy fuertes .
c) NHU ( I (S)
"
NHUCI
-
S NHU +
CI
HZÓ hidrólisis
+ '
> NH y + H2O e NH3 +
Sufre
•
proporcionan carácter ácido
2. Calcule el volumen de disolución acuosa de amoniaco, NH3, 0,15 M que tiene el mismo número de moles de OH- (ac) que 500 mL de
disolución acuosa de NaOH 0,2 M.
ii. Calcule el pH de la disolución de NH3(ac).
Dato: Kb(NH3) = 1,8 x 10-5
)
-
a) NaOH Nat MOH 0,5L
-
OH M V 0,2 0,1
Myles
s + =
-
=
.
=
moles
-
base fuerte
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