Samenvatting SCM: hoc 1 - 6 en gastlessen.
Alles naar het Nederlands vertaald, behalve belangrijke begrippen.
Master bedrijfskunde
Geschreven '21-'22
Prof: Yves Molenbruch en Tom Vermeiren
Ik haalde een 16/20 in eerste zit.
Bepalen van optimale bestel-hoeveelheden .................................................................................................. 10
1. Multiple-period models............................................................................................................................. 10
2. Single-period model .................................................................................................................................. 11
Kosten verbonden aan voorraad .................................................................................................................... 11
EOQ model ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
EOQ model: formules ........................................................................................................................................ 12
EPQ model ..................................................................................................................................................... 13
EOQ model met hoeveelheids/volume kortingen .......................................................................................... 14
1. Verschil met gewoon EOQ model: ....................................................................................................... 14
2. Procedure ............................................................................................................................................. 14
Deel 1: exploring GPN’s .................................................................................................................................. 34
Intermezzo: why we live well in Belgium .......................................................................................................... 34
FDI – trick ...................................................................................................................................................... 34
Global Production networks .............................................................................................................................. 34
Zijn gebouwd op “locatie” … ........................................................................................................................ 34
Zijn gebouwd op “schaal” … ......................................................................................................................... 35
Zijn gebouwd op “Global Transportation Networks”en “zero trade barriers” … ......................................... 36
Value Chain Activiteiten .................................................................................................................................... 36
Vraag / Aanbod van locaties ............................................................................................................................. 36
Comparatief voordeel ....................................................................................................................................... 37
Wat maakt de locatie-keuze uitdagend (“challenging”)? ................................................................................. 37
Probleem definiëring ......................................................................................................................................... 37
Waar “maken” (produceren)?........................................................................................................................... 38
Geografische mobiliteit ..................................................................................................................................... 38
Denk in projecten, niet in sectoren .................................................................................................................... 39
Mobiliteits trade-off .......................................................................................................................................... 39
Wat maakt van een locatie, de beste locatie? .................................................................................................. 39
Deel 2: Locatie beslissing proces .................................................................................................................... 40
Case Elastochem ............................................................................................................................................... 40
Beslissing niveaus (“decision levels”) ................................................................................................................ 40
Recap methodologie ......................................................................................................................................... 40
Stap 1: project definitie ................................................................................................................................ 41
Stap 2: Zoekgebied (“search area”) .............................................................................................................. 41
Stap 3: Kosten van de business op deze locatie ........................................................................................... 42
Stap 4: Niet-monetaire (“intangibles”) factoren die invloed hebben op locatie: ......................................... 44
Stap 5: Beoordeel de opties / mogelijkheden .............................................................................................. 45
Stap 6: implementatie .................................................................................................................................. 46
Deel 1: Transport............................................................................................................................................ 46
Lenka Braekman, april 2022 2
, Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................ 46
Transportmodi .................................................................................................................................................. 47
Trein – spoorwegtransport ........................................................................................................................... 47
Transport over de weg – vrachtwagens........................................................................................................ 48
Transport via de lucht – vliegtuigen ............................................................................................................. 48
Transport via water – boten (containerschepen) ......................................................................................... 48
Pijplijnen ....................................................................................................................................................... 49
Keuze van mode ................................................................................................................................................ 49
Modal split in Europa .................................................................................................................................... 49
Transportkosten ................................................................................................................................................ 50
Externe kosten .............................................................................................................................................. 51
Outsourcing in logistiek → de lagen van logistiek ........................................................................................ 51
Intermodaal transport ...................................................................................................................................... 52
Kosten van intermodaal transport ................................................................................................................ 53
Globalisatie ................................................................................................................................................... 53
Deel 2: the last mile ....................................................................................................................................... 54
The last mile ...................................................................................................................................................... 54
Interne kosten............................................................................................................................................... 54
Deel 3: E-Commerce ....................................................................................................................................... 55
E-commerce ...................................................................................................................................................... 55
3 grote problemen: ....................................................................................................................................... 57
Problemen vastgesteld door logistieke bedrijven ........................................................................................ 58
LSP (= Logistics Service Provider): ................................................................................................................. 58
Consumentengedrag .................................................................................................................................... 58
Belang van attributen in last-mile transport................................................................................................. 59
Hoe reduceren van last-mile kosten? ........................................................................................................... 59
Deel 4: Duurzaam transport en mobiliteit ...................................................................................................... 59
Mobiliteit van de toekomst ............................................................................................................................... 60
Vermeld ........................................................................................................................................................ 60
Vermijd ......................................................................................................................................................... 60
Verschuif ....................................................................................................................................................... 62
Verschoon ..................................................................................................................................................... 63
Advies ................................................................................................................................................................ 63
Conclusie ........................................................................................................................................................... 64
, Elk geval is anders ......................................................................................................................................... 69
Uitbesteden (“outsourcen”) van logistieke functies ..................................................................................... 69
Logistieke markt............................................................................................................................................ 70
Complexiteit.................................................................................................................................................. 70
Logistieke operatoren ................................................................................................................................... 71
Fysieke logistieke Chain Operators ............................................................................................................... 71
Zwakste schakel ............................................................................................................................................ 71
Maritieme transportsystemen .......................................................................................................................... 72
Waterborne Transport (= transport via water) ............................................................................................. 72
Maritieme cargo types .................................................................................................................................. 72
Globale vloot................................................................................................................................................. 72
Groei in maritieme handel ............................................................................................................................ 73
Import/export ............................................................................................................................................... 74
Maritieme handel per regio .......................................................................................................................... 74
Connectiviteit (verbindingen, bereikbaarheid) havens ................................................................................ 75
Liner connectiviteit ....................................................................................................................................... 75
Shipping kosten............................................................................................................................................. 75
Vraag naar containers ................................................................................................................................... 76
Box shipping.................................................................................................................................................. 76
Verblijftijd (“dwell time”) schip .................................................................................................................... 77
Geschiedenis van container verscheping ..................................................................................................... 77
Container SC ................................................................................................................................................. 77
Groei in containertransport .......................................................................................................................... 78
BBP elasticiteit .............................................................................................................................................. 79
Vraag naar container transport .................................................................................................................... 79
Handelspatronen / Handels ‘lanen’ .............................................................................................................. 79
Reguliere Liner diensten ............................................................................................................................... 80
Containerschepen ......................................................................................................................................... 80
Container carrier vloot .................................................................................................................................. 80
Toenemende groottes van schepen ............................................................................................................. 81
Reiskost ......................................................................................................................................................... 81
Evolutie kosten ............................................................................................................................................. 81
Big is beautiful?............................................................................................................................................. 82
Liner industry concentratie ............................................................................................................................... 82
Top 20 ocean carriers ........................................................................................................................................ 82
Allianties ........................................................................................................................................................... 83
Partners of concurrenten? ............................................................................................................................ 83
Operationele allianties.................................................................................................................................. 83
Liner kwaliteit ............................................................................................................................................... 83
Betrouwbaarheid? ........................................................................................................................................ 83
Slow steaming ............................................................................................................................................... 84
Winstgevendheid? ........................................................................................................................................ 84
Vicieuze cirkel ............................................................................................................................................... 84
Tarieven voor zeevracht (‘ocean freight rates’) ................................................................................................ 84
+ Surcharges ................................................................................................................................................. 85
Antwerpen = Rotterdam ................................................................................................................................... 85
Land-been (‘land-leg’) maakt verschil ............................................................................................................... 85
Havens .............................................................................................................................................................. 86
Haven-attractiviteit ....................................................................................................................................... 86
Idle time van schip kost geld! ....................................................................................................................... 86
Havens .......................................................................................................................................................... 86
Beperkingen grootte havenschepen ............................................................................................................. 87
Gateways en hubs ......................................................................................................................................... 87
Lenka Braekman, april 2022 4
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