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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 26, Het spijsverteringskanaal
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  • Course
  • Biomedische Kennis
  • Institution
  • Hogeschool InHolland (InHolland)

Dit is een samenvatting van hoofdstuk 26 uit het boek anatomy en fysiologie van ExpertCollege. Eerste druk, juli 2021

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Document information

  • April 1, 2022
  • 31
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

  • anatomie en fysiologie
  • biomedisch
  • darmstelsel
  • expertcollege
  • spijsverteringskanaal

Written for

  • Hogeschool InHolland (InHolland)
  • HBO Verpleegkunde
  • Biomedische Kennis
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HOOFDSTUK 26: SPIJSVERTERINGSKANAAL
Inhoudsopgave
26.1 introductie............................................................................................................................................. 5

26.1.1 het spijsverteringsstelsel............................................................................................................................5

26.1.2 histologie....................................................................................................................................................5

26.1.3 zenuwinnervatie.........................................................................................................................................6

26.1.4 motiliteit.....................................................................................................................................................6

26.1.5 het peritoneum..........................................................................................................................................6

26.1.6 het mesenterium........................................................................................................................................7

26.1.7 bloedvaten.................................................................................................................................................7

26.2 de mond................................................................................................................................................. 8

26.2.1 de cavum oris (mondholte)........................................................................................................................8

26.2.2 de buccae(wang) en labia oris (lippen)......................................................................................................8

26.2.3 de lingua (tong)..........................................................................................................................................8

26.2.4 masticatie (kauwen)...................................................................................................................................9

26.2.5 het gebit.....................................................................................................................................................9

26.2.6 anatomie v.d. dentes.................................................................................................................................9

26.2.7 de glandulae salivariae (speekselklieren)..................................................................................................9

26.2.8 regulatie v.d. glandulae salivariae...........................................................................................................10

26.3 de farynx en slokdarm.......................................................................................................................... 10

26.3.1 de farynx (keelholte)................................................................................................................................10
26.3.2 histologie v.d. farynx................................................................................................................................10

26.3.3 bloedvoorziening en innervatie................................................................................................................10

26.3.4 oesofagus (slokdarm)...............................................................................................................................11

26.3.5 oesofageale vernauwingen......................................................................................................................11

26.3.6 histologie v.d. oesofagus.........................................................................................................................11

26.3.7 bloedvoorziening en innervatie................................................................................................................11

26.3.8 het slikproces...........................................................................................................................................11

26.4 de maag............................................................................................................................................... 12

26.4.1 anatomie v.d. maag.................................................................................................................................12

, 26.4.2 de structuur v.d. maag.............................................................................................................................12

26.4.3 de vascularisatie en innervatie v.d. maag...............................................................................................12

26.4.4 de maag wand.........................................................................................................................................12

26.4.5 de functies v.d. maag..............................................................................................................................13

26.4.6 het maagsap............................................................................................................................................13

26.4.7 hoofdcellen...............................................................................................................................................13

26.4.8 pariëtale cellen.........................................................................................................................................13

26.4.9 muceuze cellen.........................................................................................................................................13

26.4.10 bescherming v.d. maagwand.................................................................................................................14

26.4.11 paracriene stoffen..................................................................................................................................14

26.4.12 de spijsvertering in de maag..................................................................................................................14

26.4.13 maagperistaltiek....................................................................................................................................14

26.4.14 braken....................................................................................................................................................15

26.5 de dunne darm (intestinum tenue)....................................................................................................... 15

26.5.1 inleiding....................................................................................................................................................15

26.5.2 anatomie..................................................................................................................................................15

26.5.3 duodenum (twaalfvingerige darm)..........................................................................................................15

26.5.4 jejunum (nuchtere darm).........................................................................................................................15

26.5.5 ileum (kronkeldarm).................................................................................................................................15

26.5.6 de darmwand...........................................................................................................................................16

26.5.7 peritoneum en bloedtoevoer...................................................................................................................16

26.5.8 absorptie en oppervlaktevergroting........................................................................................................16

26.5.9 villi............................................................................................................................................................16

26.5.10 microvilli.................................................................................................................................................16

26.5.11. verschil tussen duodenum, jejenum en ileum.......................................................................................16

26.5.12 motiliteit en peristaltiek.........................................................................................................................16

26.5.13 vertering en absorptie van nutriënten...................................................................................................17

26.5.14 pancreas (alvleesklier)...........................................................................................................................17

26.5.15 gal..........................................................................................................................................................17

26.5.16 darmsap.................................................................................................................................................17

26.5.17 hormonen...............................................................................................................................................17

26.5.18 entorocyten............................................................................................................................................18

26.5.19 opname in de enterocy en verplasaing naar de bloedbaan..................................................................18

26.5.20 water......................................................................................................................................................18

26.5.21 vetzuren, cholesterol, glycerol en vetoplosbare vitaminen...................................................................18

, 26.5.22 monosachariden, elektrolyten en aminozuren......................................................................................18

26.5.23 aansturing..............................................................................................................................................18

26.5.24 malaabsorptie........................................................................................................................................18

26.6 de dikke darm...................................................................................................................................... 19

26.6.1 inleiding....................................................................................................................................................19

26.6.2 anatomie..................................................................................................................................................19

26.6.3 coecum (blindedarm) en appendix..........................................................................................................19

26.6.4 colon ascendens.......................................................................................................................................19

26.6.5 colon transversum....................................................................................................................................19

26.6.6 colon descendens.....................................................................................................................................19

26.6.7 colon sigmoideum....................................................................................................................................20

26.6.8 Rectum (endeldarm)................................................................................................................................20

26.6.9 canalis analis (het anale kanaal).............................................................................................................20

26.6.10 structuur en histologie van de dikke darmwand...................................................................................20

26.6.11 bloedtoevoer en -afvoer.........................................................................................................................21

26.6.12 hemorroïden...........................................................................................................................................21

26.6.13 absorptie en vertering............................................................................................................................21

26.6.14 microbioom............................................................................................................................................21

26.6.15 Feces.......................................................................................................................................................22

26.6.16 motiliteit.................................................................................................................................................22

26.6.17 defecatiereflex.......................................................................................................................................22

26.7 de lever (hapar).................................................................................................................................... 22

26.7.1 antaomie van de lever.............................................................................................................................22

26.7.2 histologie van de lever.............................................................................................................................23

26.7.3 fysiologie van de lever..............................................................................................................................23

26.7.4 galproductie en uitscheiding....................................................................................................................23

26.7.5 regulatie van metabolisme......................................................................................................................24

26.7.6 ontgiften van vreemde stoffen, drugs en medicatie................................................................................24

26.7.7 opslag van verschillende stoffen..............................................................................................................25

26.7.8 warmteproductie.....................................................................................................................................25

26.7.9 hematologische processen.......................................................................................................................25

26.8 de galblaas en galwegen....................................................................................................................... 25

26.8.1 anatomy van de galblaas (vesica bilaris).................................................................................................25

26.8.2 anatomie van de galwegen......................................................................................................................26

, 28.8.3 fysioloige van de galblaas en galwegen..................................................................................................26

26.9 de pancreas (alvleesklier)..................................................................................................................... 26

26.9.1 anatomie van de pancreas.......................................................................................................................27

26.9.2 vertering...................................................................................................................................................27

26.9.3 suikerhuishouding....................................................................................................................................27

26.9.4 aansturing en regulatie............................................................................................................................28

26.10 voedingsstoffen en vertering.............................................................................................................. 28

26.10.1 inleiding..................................................................................................................................................28

26.10.2 enzymatische afbraak van voedingsstoffen...........................................................................................28

26.10.3 koolhydraten: eigenschappen, vertering en opname............................................................................29

26.10.4 eiwitten (PROTEÏNEN): eigenschappen, vertering en opname..............................................................29

26.10.5 vetten (lipiden): eigenschappen, vertering en opname.........................................................................29

26.10.6 nucleïnezuren: eigenschappen, vertering en opname...........................................................................29

26.10.7 elektrolyten............................................................................................................................................30

26.10.8 vitamine en mineralen...........................................................................................................................30

26.10.9 water......................................................................................................................................................30

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