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Volledige Samenvatting Gerechtelijk Recht II
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Volledige Samenvatting Gerechtelijk Recht II op basis van de slides en het handboek Gerechtelijk Recht, Intersentia Lectoren: Dirk Scheers en Koen Van Put
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GERECHTELIJK RECHT: RECHTSPLEGINGInhoud
Inleiding........................................................................................................................................................ 7
Termijnen art. 48 e.v. Ger.W..................................................................................................................... 8
Termijnberekening............................................................................................................................... 8
Aanvang............................................................................................................................................ 8
Dagen............................................................................................................................................... 8
Nationale feestdagen in België.......................................................................................................... 9
Maanden of jaren.............................................................................................................................. 9
Kennisgeving (art. 53bis Ger.W.)....................................................................................................... 9
T1: Procesverloop....................................................................................................................................... 10
H1. Juridische bijstand en rechtsbijstand................................................................................................ 10
1.1 Juridische bijstand..................................................................................................................... 10
1.2 Rechtsbijstand........................................................................................................................... 10
Procedure:.................................................................................................................................. 10
H2: Rechtsingang.................................................................................................................................... 11
2.1 Rechtsingang door dagvaarding / art. 700 Ger.W.4.......................................................................11
2.2 Dagvaardingsexploot.................................................................................................................... 11
2.2.1 Begripsomschrijving............................................................................................................... 11
2.2.2 Betekeningswijzen.................................................................................................................. 12
2.2.3 Tijdstip van betekening.......................................................................................................... 12
2.2.4 Dagvaardingstermijn.............................................................................................................. 12
2.2.5 Rolstelling = inschrijving van de procedure............................................................................13
2.2 Rechtsingang door vrijwillige verschijning / art. 706 Ger.W..........................................................14
2.3 Rechtspleging op verzoekschrift.................................................................................................... 14
2.3.1 Tegensprekelijk / contradictoir verzoekschrift (art. 1034 bis e.v. Ger.W.)..............................14
2.3.2 Eenzijdig verzoekschrift (art. 1025 e.v. Ger.W.)......................................................................14
H3: Inleidende zitting.............................................................................................................................. 15
3.1 Verschijning van de partijen.......................................................................................................... 15
3.3 Tegenspraak.................................................................................................................................. 16
3.3.1 Korte debatten / art. 735 Ger.W............................................................................................. 16
A. Begrip..................................................................................................................................... 16
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B. Procedure................................................................................................................................ 16
3.4 Verstek.......................................................................................................................................... 17
A. Inleidende zitting..................................................................................................................... 17
B. Latere zitting........................................................................................................................... 17
H4: Behandeling van de zaak op tegenspraak......................................................................................... 18
4.1 Mededeling van de stukken.......................................................................................................... 18
4.1.1 Verplichting............................................................................................................................ 18
4.1.2 Stukken.................................................................................................................................. 18
4.1.3 Wijze van mededeling........................................................................................................... 18
4.1.4 Termijn.................................................................................................................................. 18
4.2 Conclusie....................................................................................................................................... 19
A. Vorm...................................................................................................................................... 19
B. Neerlegging en mededeling.................................................................................................... 19
C. Syntheseconclusie................................................................................................................... 20
4.3 Instaatstelling – art. 747 Ger.W..................................................................................................... 21
4.3.1 Instaatstelling bij overeenkomst............................................................................................. 22
4.3.2 Instaatstelling door rechterlijke kalender...............................................................................23
A. Dwingende termijnen............................................................................................................. 24
4.3.3 Vrije instaatstelling................................................................................................................. 25
A. Bijkomende conclusies (art. 748 Ger.W.)................................................................................ 25
4.3.3 Terechtzitting......................................................................................................................... 27
A. Openbaarheid........................................................................................................................ 27
B. Neerlegging van stukken........................................................................................................ 27
C. Het pleidooi............................................................................................................................. 27
D. Interactief debat.................................................................................................................... 28
4.3.4 Schriftelijke behandeling........................................................................................................ 29
A. Procedure................................................................................................................................ 29
H5: Berechting van de zaak..................................................................................................................... 30
5.1 Sluiting en heropening van de debatten........................................................................................ 30
5.1.1 Sluiting van de debatten (art. 769 Ger.W)..............................................................................30
A. Tijdstip.................................................................................................................................... 30
B. Wijze...................................................................................................................................... 30
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C. Gevolgen................................................................................................................................ 30
5.1.2 Heropening van de debatten.................................................................................................. 30
A. Op verzoek van verschijnende partij (art. 772 Ger.W.)...........................................................30
B. Ambtshalve (art. 774 Ger.W.).................................................................................................. 31
C. Steeds bij vonnis!.................................................................................................................... 31
5.2 Mededeling aan het Openbaar Ministerie.....................................................................................31
5.2.1 Soorten mededeelbaarheid................................................................................................... 31
A. Wettelijke mededeelbaarheid................................................................................................ 31
B. Gerechtelijke mededeling....................................................................................................... 31
C. Facultatieve mededeling......................................................................................................... 32
5.2.2 Procedure............................................................................................................................... 32
5.3 Beraad(slaging) – art. 770 Ger.W................................................................................................... 32
5.4 Uitspraak....................................................................................................................................... 33
5.4.1 Soorten uitspraken................................................................................................................. 33
A. Volgens rechter...................................................................................................................... 33
B. Volgens beslissing.................................................................................................................... 33
5.4.2 Vorm...................................................................................................................................... 33
A. Uitspraak in burgerlijke zaken................................................................................................. 33
B. Openbaarheid (art. 149 Ger.W.).............................................................................................. 33
C. Motivering (art. 149 Ger.W.).................................................................................................. 33
D. Vermeldingen (art. 780 Ger.W.).............................................................................................. 34
E. Minuut (origineel vonnis) en afschriften.................................................................................. 34
5.4.3 Uitlegging, verbetering en aanvulling (art. 793 – 801bis Ger.W.)...........................................34
A. Uitlegging – art. 793 Ger.W.................................................................................................... 34
B. Verbetering – art. 794 Ger.W................................................................................................. 34
C. Aanvulling – art. Ger.W..............................................................................................34
D. Procedure............................................................................................................................... 34
5.4.4 Betekening en kennisgeving – art. 32 Ger.W..........................................................................35
H6: Gerechtskosten................................................................................................................................. 36
6.1 Opsomming – art. 1018 Ger.W...................................................................................................... 36
6.2 Vereffening.................................................................................................................................... 36
6.3 Verwijzing in de kosten................................................................................................................. 36
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T2: Incidenten............................................................................................................................................. 37
H1: Incidenten aangaande de ingestelde eisen....................................................................................... 37
1.1 Uitbreiding van de eis – art. 807 ger.W......................................................................................... 37
1.2 Actualisering van de eis – art. 808 Ger.W...................................................................................... 37
1.3 Tegeneis – art. 14 Ger.W............................................................................................................... 37
1.4 Eis in tussenkomst – art. 15 Ger.W................................................................................................ 37
H2: Procesrechtmisbruik – art. 780bis Ger.W......................................................................................... 38
2.1 Beginsel......................................................................................................................................... 38
2.2 Schadevergoeding wegens tergend en roekeloos geding.............................................................38
2.3 Boete onrechtmatig procesgebruik.............................................................................................. 38
T3: Bewijsrecht........................................................................................................................................... 39
3.1 Begrippen...................................................................................................................................... 39
3.2 Bewijsmiddelen............................................................................................................................ 39
T4: Rechtsmiddelen.................................................................................................................................... 40
H1. Algemene beginselen........................................................................................................................ 40
1.1 Begrip en kenmerken.................................................................................................................... 40
1.2 Geen grondrecht op dubbele aanleg............................................................................................. 40
1.3 Openbare orde............................................................................................................................. 40
3.4 Termijnen...................................................................................................................................... 41
3.5 Rechtspleging................................................................................................................................ 41
3.6 Beslissingen waartegen geen rechtsmiddel kan worden aangewend...........................................41
3.6.1 Akkoordvonnissen (art. 1043 Ger.W.)....................................................................................41
3.6.2 Beslissingen waarin partijen hebben berust (art. 1044 Ger.W.)..............................................41
3.6.3 Beslissingen of maatregelen van inwendige aard (art. 1046 Ger.W.).....................................42
H2: Gewone rechtsmiddelen................................................................................................................... 42
2.1 Verzet............................................................................................................................................ 42
2.1.1 Begrip..................................................................................................................................... 42
2.1.2 Termijnen voor het instellen van verzet (art. 1048 Ger.W.)....................................................42
2.1.3 Gevolgen van het instellen van verzet...................................................................................43
A. Schorsende werking (art. 1397 Ger.W.)..................................................................................43
B. Devolutieve werking............................................................................................................... 43
2.2 Hoger beroep................................................................................................................................ 43
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