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Samenvatting Wereldoriëntatie 1

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Samenvatting omtrent leerstof 1ste jaar kleuteronderwijs

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  • April 4, 2022
  • 46
  • 2020/2021
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Examen wero semester 1
Inhoud
Het menselijk lichaam............................................................................................................................7
Hoe ziet het eruit?..................................................................................................................................7
Waarom is het van belang dat kinderen weten wat dit is?.................................................................7
De lichaamsdelen...............................................................................................................................7
Het skelet............................................................................................................................................7
Het kraakbeen....................................................................................................................................7
Soorten gewrichten............................................................................................................................8
Beweging- en spierstelsel...................................................................................................................8
Het zenuwstelsel................................................................................................................................8
Centrale zenuwstelsel.........................................................................................................................8
Perifere zenuwstelsel.........................................................................................................................9
Hormonenstelsel................................................................................................................................9
Spijsverteringsstelsel..........................................................................................................................9
De bloedsomloop...............................................................................................................................9
Weg van de bloedsomloop...........................................................................................................10
Belangrijke slagaders....................................................................................................................10
Het ademhalingsstelsel.....................................................................................................................10
Verontreinigde lucht.........................................................................................................................10
De zintuigen..........................................................................................................................................11
Waarnemen met zintuigen/ zintuigelijke ontwikkeling....................................................................11
Zintuigen en de hersenen.................................................................................................................11
Zintuigelijke ontwikkeling in de kleuterklas......................................................................................11
Gezicht/oog......................................................................................................................................12
Bouw van het uitwendig oog............................................................................................................12
Tranen/huilen...............................................................................................................................12
Bouw van het inwendige oog...........................................................................................................12
Bewegen van het oog...................................................................................................................12
Werking van het oog........................................................................................................................13
Diafragma opening.......................................................................................................................13
De lens..........................................................................................................................................13
Kleuren zien..................................................................................................................................13
Dieptezicht....................................................................................................................................13

1

,Ooghygiëne.......................................................................................................................................13
Bijziendheid......................................................................................................................................13
Verziendheid.....................................................................................................................................13
Oud oog............................................................................................................................................14
Oplossing......................................................................................................................................14
Scheelzien.........................................................................................................................................14
Oplossing......................................................................................................................................14
Kleurenblindheid/ daltonisme..........................................................................................................14
Slechtziend.......................................................................................................................................14
Oplossing......................................................................................................................................14
Volledig blind....................................................................................................................................14
Hulpmiddelen...............................................................................................................................14
Wat bij een vuiltje in het oog?..........................................................................................................14
Hoe veel knipperen wij?...................................................................................................................15
Waarom krijg je tranen in je ogen?..................................................................................................15
Huilen van het lachen.......................................................................................................................15
Traanklieren......................................................................................................................................15
Gehoor..............................................................................................................................................15
Bouw van het uitwendige oor...........................................................................................................15
Bouw van het inwendige oor............................................................................................................16
Het trommelvlies..........................................................................................................................16
De buis van Eustachius.................................................................................................................16
Geluid...............................................................................................................................................16
Frequentie of toonhoogte............................................................................................................16
Decibel..........................................................................................................................................16
Stemgeluid....................................................................................................................................17
Klankkleur.....................................................................................................................................17
Geluidstrillingen naar gehoorzenuw.............................................................................................17
Stereofonisch horen.....................................................................................................................17
Evenwichtszin...............................................................................................................................17
Geluidsoverlast.............................................................................................................................17
Hoeveel is te sterk?......................................................................................................................17
Oor afwijkingen................................................................................................................................18
2 vormen van slechthorendheid...................................................................................................18
Middenoorontsteking of otitis......................................................................................................18
Dikoor of bof.................................................................................................................................18

2

, Buisjes in het oor..........................................................................................................................18
Vreemd voorwerp in het oor........................................................................................................18
Doofheid en hardhorigheid...........................................................................................................18
Weetjes.........................................................................................................................................18
Voelen/de huid.................................................................................................................................19
Uitwendige bouw van de huid..........................................................................................................19
Inwendige bouw van de huid............................................................................................................19
Opperhuid.....................................................................................................................................20
Lederhuid......................................................................................................................................20
Onderhuid.....................................................................................................................................20
Onschadelijk leven op en onder de huid..........................................................................................20
Zintuigen in de huid..........................................................................................................................21
Waarnemen van temperatuurverschillen.....................................................................................21
Tastzintuigen en drukzintuigen.....................................................................................................21
Huid- en haarverzorging...................................................................................................................21
Huidtypes......................................................................................................................................21
Haar..............................................................................................................................................21
Weetjes over het haar..................................................................................................................22
Luizen...........................................................................................................................................22
Tips bij schoonmaken van oren, handen, nagels en voeten.........................................................22
Uiterlijk van de nagel........................................................................................................................22
Binnenkant van de nagel..................................................................................................................22
Huidaandoeningen (tijdelijk)............................................................................................................23
Lichaamsgeur................................................................................................................................23
Verbranden door de zon...............................................................................................................23
De kinderwrat...............................................................................................................................23
Huidschimmels.............................................................................................................................23
Chronische huidaandoeningen (blijvend).........................................................................................23
Eczeem.........................................................................................................................................23
Psoriasis........................................................................................................................................23
Vitiligo...........................................................................................................................................23
Lupus............................................................................................................................................23
Wijnvlek........................................................................................................................................24
Tong/ smaak.....................................................................................................................................24
Tastpapillen..................................................................................................................................24
Smaakpapillen..............................................................................................................................24

3

, Vergif ingenomen?.......................................................................................................................24
Speeksel........................................................................................................................................24
Speekselklieren.............................................................................................................................25
Functies van speeksel...................................................................................................................25
Waarom heb je een huig?.............................................................................................................25
Neus/reuk.........................................................................................................................................25
Een uitwendig deel.......................................................................................................................25
Een inwendig deel........................................................................................................................25
Het reukslijmvlies.........................................................................................................................25
6 geurgroepen..............................................................................................................................26
Neuskeutels/neusvuilnis...............................................................................................................26
Snot/neusslijm..............................................................................................................................26
Verschillende loopneuzen............................................................................................................26
Gezondheidseducatie...........................................................................................................................26
Gezondheid en ziekte...........................................................................................................................26
Gezondheid......................................................................................................................................26
Gezondheid is een ruim begrip.........................................................................................................27
Gezondheid is een relatief begrip.................................................................................................27
Gezondheid is een dynamisch begrip...........................................................................................27
Gezondheid is een emancipatorisch begrip..................................................................................27
Gezondheidseducatie.......................................................................................................................27
Samenwerking tussen school en thuis..........................................................................................27
Ziekte................................................................................................................................................27
Oorzaken van ziekte.....................................................................................................................28
Soorten ziekten.............................................................................................................................28
Virussen en bacteriën.......................................................................................................................28
Pijn....................................................................................................................................................28
Natuurlijke afweermiddelen.............................................................................................................28
Aangeboren weerstand................................................................................................................28
Verworven weerstand en immuniteit...........................................................................................28
Kunstmatige afweermiddelen..........................................................................................................29
Antibiotica....................................................................................................................................29
Medicatie op school.....................................................................................................................29
Hoe raak je besmet?.........................................................................................................................29
Besmet van mens op mens...........................................................................................................29
Besmet van dier op mens.............................................................................................................30

4

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