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Unit 4C - Laboratory Techniques and their Application
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BTEC Assignment BriefBTEC Level 3 National Foundation Diploma in Applied
Science BTEC Level 3 National Diploma in Applied Science
Qualification BTEC Level 3 National Extended Diploma in Applied Science
Unit number and title Unit 4: Laboratory Techniques and their Application
Learning aim(s) (For NQF C: Explore manufacturing techniques and testing methods
only) for an organic solid
Making a headache tablet
Assignment title
Assessor
Issue date
Hand in deadline
You are a lab technician working in the research and
development department of a pharmaceutical company.
One of the products made by the company is aspirin.
You are investigating how to produce and test the purity of
Vocational Scenario or aspirin so that the company can make it efficiently.
Context You will produce a sample of aspirin and test its purity. You
will have to compare your laboratory technique with the
industrial process used by the pharmaceutical company to
manufacture aspirin on a large scale.
Task 1 Prepare a sample of aspirin and test its purity,
demonstratingproving skilful application of the techniques
you use (i.e.i.e., vacuum filtration, filtration through filter
paper, solvent extractionextraction, and recrystallization,
and testing the purity by measuring the melting point and
using thin layer chromatography). . You will measure the
melting point of aspirin prepared from reaction and
extraction and carry out a mixed-melting point
measurement on the two samples, using a pure sample as a
comparison.
Write a report detailing your production and testing aspirin
in the laboratory. The report must:
Explain the scientific principles behind your practical
work techniques
Give detailed conclusions about how pure the aspirin
is, based on the tests that you carried out
IdentifyFind factors that affect the yield and purity of
aspirin in your laboratory preparation and analyse
how significant these factors are
Research and describe the industrial manufacture
and testing of aspirin
, Compare the laboratory and industrial manufacture
and testing of aspirin, explaining principles,
similarities and differences in the equipment,
techniques, testing, raw materialsmaterials, and the
scale of production
Analyse how relevant the factors you have identified
as affecting yield and purity are in the industrial
manufacture of aspirin and in ensuring scalability
Analyse whether melting point measurement, mixed
melting point measurement and thin layer
chromatography are effective ways to assess
whether an organic solid is pure, and explaining
whether other methods used industrially are more
effective
Checklist of evidence A report on the practical work and the detailed conclusions
requiredneeded from this, including the analysis of factors affecting yield
and purity
An observation report by the teacher of making and testing
the solid safely.
All information sources should be referenced.
Criteria covered by this task:
Unit/Criteria
To achieve the criteriacriteria, you must show that you are able to:
reference
Analyse the factors affecting the yield and purity of an organic solid in
C.D3
the laboratory and their relevance to its industrial manufacture.
Demonstrate skilful application of techniques in preparing and testing
C.M4
the purity of an organic solid and draw detailed conclusions.
Compare the laboratory and industrial manufacture and testing of an
C.M5
organic solid.
Correctly prepare and test the purity of an organic solid and draw
C.P5
conclusions.
C.P6 Describe the industrial manufacture and testing of an organic solid.
Sources of information http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/content/filerepository/
to support you with CMP/00/000/045/Aspirin.pdf
this Assignment
http://www.rsc.org/learn-chemistry/content/filerepository/
CMP/00/000/047/Paracetamol_web.pdf
Applied Science Level 3 BTEC NG Pearson
Other assessment
materials attached to
this Assignment Brief
We are looking at how aspirin is made in the pharmaceutical industry. We will look at how to
test aspirin for purity after we have looked at how it's made. Aspirin is made using a variety of
techniques and methods, including filtration and recrystallization. The reactions temperature is
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BTEC Assignment Brief v1.0
BTEC Internal Assessment QDAM January 2015
,85 degrees throughout the whole experiment, to speed up the reaction a small amount of acid
is needed.
What is a what is a solvent?
it is a liquid that dissolves in solid for example water ethanol methanol.
What is a saturated solution?
Saturated solution is a solution that contains maximum amount of solute.
what is a solute?
The solute is a substance that dissolves in a solvent to produce a similar mixture.
What is aspirin?
Aspirin is a pain reliever medication that is used to treat aches and pains like headaches and
toothaches. It can also be used to treat swollen joints caused by arthritis. If you have had a
stroke or heart attack or at a high risk of a heart attack, your doctor may recommend that
take a daily low-dose of aspirin. This is different to taking aspirin for pain relief. You can buy
most types of aspirin from pharmacies, shops and supermarkets, and some can be some
prescribed depending on the condition you are in.
Aspirin is a common pain reliever used to treat aches and pains such as headaches,
toothaches, and period pain. It can also be used to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, as well
as to bring down high temperatures. Acetylsalicylic acid is another name for the substance.
Most types of aspirin can be found in pharmacies, shops, and supermarkets. Some types of
aspirin are only available with a prescription, so you'd have to ask your doctor for one. It is
available in tablet form as well as a gel for mouth ulcers and cold sores. Your doctor may
advise you to take a daily low-dose aspirin if you've had a stroke or heart attack, or if you're at
high risk of having one. This is not the same as taking aspirin to relieve pain. Only take low-
dose aspirin if your doctor recommends it.
Steps taken and why?
Wearing goggles, apron, and gloves:
This is to protect the user from harm during the experiment. The purpose of the apron was to
protect the clothes from contamination. The gloves were worn so that nothing would come into
contact with the skin. The goggles were designed to shield our eyes from the harsh chemicals.
We need to keep track of the mass of the salicylic acid because we'll need to figure out how
many moles there are after the practical is finished. This will allow us to calculate the aspirin's
percentage yield and determine how close we were to pure aspirin.
All of the contents must be swirled together. This is because we must ensure that all of the
contents of the conical flask are thoroughly mixed, or the practical of producing aspirin will be
compromised.
We must add distilled water to the flask in order to remove the crystals from the flask's side.
After the contents have been mixed, they must be placed in a hot water bath. This is due to
the fact that the mixed contents must be placed in a hot water bath in order for the white
solids to form.
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BTEC Assignment Brief v1.0
BTEC Internal Assessment QDAM January 2015
, We need to filter this mixture to remove the extra liquid that isn't needed and to purify the
crystals so that they are purer and more solidified.
We add ethanol to the solid because it purifies the aspirin even more, and we leave it
overnight so that the crystals can form quickly.
Measuring correctly:
This was done so the experiment could have the best and accurate results. If the
measurements were not assessed properly the experiment may have failed.
Equipment/ Risk Existing Likelihood Severity Procedure in
chemical controls HML HML case of an
hazard accident
Glass ware Cut yourself Handle with L M Notify the person in
care charge or a carer.
Glass should be
disposed of in the
designated glass
bin. Seek medical
assistance if the cut
is deep and there is
blood.
Ethanoic Corrosive/ Wear L M If there are any
anhydride flammable goggles, spills, notify the
gloves, person or carer in
handled with charge. If the
extreme solution gets in
caution and contact with the
wear a lab naked eye, rinse it
coat. thoroughly. Remove
any clothing that
has been exposed
to the chemical. If
you notice any
blistering or
scarring, see a
doctor. Vapour
breathing in you will
need to get fresh
air.
Bunsen Fire Long hair tied L M If you see any
burners spreading to back. Handle burns or if you have
nearby areas with care. been burned, notify
or clothing Work away the person or carer
and burning from any in charge. Apply ice
yourself flammable to the burnt area
substances. and run it under
colder water to cool
it down. If you have
a serious second-
degree burn, seek
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BTEC Assignment Brief v1.0
BTEC Internal Assessment QDAM January 2015
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