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Samenvatting Vergelijkende Biologie (B-KUL-E05C2A)
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Samenvatting Vergelijkende Biologie de Cel, biomedische wetenschappen jaar 1
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3 1 GE'
OOFSTUK : DE CEL
Cel theorie : Robert Hooke 1665
Stelt dat :
Alle
1 .
organismen z n samengesteld uit cellen
2 Cellen z n de kleinst levende
.
dingen
3 .
Cellen bestaan alleen uit reeds bestaande cellen
Cel is
grootte gelimiteerd
.
Alle hebben het
cellen
volgende gemeen :
•
Genetisch materiaal -
kern of nucleus
•
Cytoplasma -
semi vloeibare matrix
plasmamembraan dubbele fosfolipiden laag
•
-
Type cellen
Studie microbiologie
prokaryote cellen :
•
Geen celkern -
DNA in nucleoid Of kernzone
Cytoplasma
•
plasmamembraan celwand
•
en
•
Ribosomen
Geen membraan
omgeven organellen
•
Eenvoudig
•
cytoskelet
Roterend flagellum
•
2
typen Prokaryoten :
1 archaea
geen peptidoglycaan in de
-
.
celwand
Bacteriën
2 wel
peptidoglycaan
-
.
•
Gram + of -
ij
, Eukaryote cellen : studie
celbiologie
membraan nucleus
omgeven
•
complexer
•
cellulaire functies ge compartiment alizeerd in
organellen endomembranair
•
en
systeem
cytoskelet voor steun en structuur
•
dierl ke plantencellen
•
en
Celorganellen en functies
Celkern
•
Genetisch materiaal in vorm van lineaire chromosomen
DNA + eiwitten =
chromatine
•
Replicatie ( DNA -
synthese ) en transcriptie ( RNA synthese )
Omgeven door nucleaire enveloppen uit 2 dubbele fosfolipiden lagen
•
-
nucleaire lamina
•
ij
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