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FULL YEAR: Class notes Kin FAST 2992 - Fitness and Strength Training (Kin2992)
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Lecture 1: Applied Motivational Interviewing for Health PromotersMotivational Interviewing (MI) in Context of Health Promotion
● Individual-based health promotion intervention
○ Coaching, therapy, etc.
● “A collaborative conversation style for strengthening a person’s own motivation and
commitment to change” – Layperson definition
○ Guiding + facilitating change through conversation
● “A person-centered counseling style for addressing the common problem of ambivalence
about change” – Practitioner’s definition
○ Individual sees both reasons to + not to change
○ Viewed as scale tipping back + forth
● “Collaborative goal-oriented style of communication with particular attending to the
language of change. It is designed to strength personal motivation for and commitment
to a specific by eliciting and exploring the person’s own reasons for change within an
atmosphere of acceptance and compassion” – Technical definition
○ Collaborative process
● Arranging conversations so that people talk themselves into change, based on their own
values + interests
● People talk themselves into making that change
● Want to nurture partnership with client → critical to experience + success of clients
Engaging the Client
● Social determinants of health – 40%
● Client’s experience of relationship – 30%
○ Have control over
● Sense of hope – 15%
● Techniques + skills – 15%
MI for Effective Behavior Change – Find out What the Client Wants
● First tool of effective behavior
● Allows for client to consider this for themselves
● Increases client buy-in
● No mental gymnastics for you
● Tells you the reason behind their motivation
● Allows for expectation management (if needed)
● Engages client as part of the solution
● Cultivates “partner” relationship
,Tools of MI
● Drop assumptions – important to drop assumptions about clients
● Get curious – ask clients questions, discover what they want + what’s important to them
● Avoid righting reflex
○ Desire to fix what seems wrong with the person
○ Belief that you must convince/persuade the person to do the right thing
● Spirit of MI
○ Partnership – active collaboration between experts
○ Acceptance – of what the client brings to the conversation
○ Compassion – to actively promote the other’s welfare + give priority to their
needs
○ Evocation – to draw out what people already have within them to make the
change
The Michelangelo Belief
● No matter how the client presents in front of us, we trust the David within them
● A huge part of MI = trusting this within our clients
NCRW
● Naturally
● Creative
● Resourceful
● Whole
Core Interviewing Skills
● Open-ended questions
○ ‘Powerful questions’
○ Close-ended questions often seek specific answers (typically short)
○ Purpose of MI questions is NOT to gather information
○ “What is important about ________?”
■ Opens up rich discussion + reflection
● Affirming
○ Acknowledging the positive
○ As professional, you recognize + comment on the client’s strengths + efforts
● Reflective Listening
○ Purpose of asking questions = listening
○ Crucial skill in MI
, ○ Deepens understanding of what client expressed
○ Allows client to hear what they said
○ Reflective listening with empathy echoes + mirrors your client
● Summarizing
○ A type of reflection – often longer
○ Can take place between questions or at end of session
○ Demonstrates proof of understanding + active listening
● Informing + Advising
○ Not always used
○ Only occurs with permission from client
■ Important to ask for permission
Lecture 2: Goal Setting
Goal = something that you are trying to do/achieve
● An aim or desired result
Types of Goals
● Outcome-Based – what is the desired end result?
● Process-Based – what are the necessary strategies to achieve an end result
● Performance-Based – what are the specific short-term duties/tasks you are hoping to
accomplish
○ May overlap with the others
Fitness Setting Goals
● Aesthetic = how you look
○ Lose weight, get shredded
○ Take pictures to assess
● Performance = how you do
○ 5km run time, how much weight you can lift
● Health = how you feel
○ Include diet goals, 5000 steps a day
SMART Goals
● Framework popularized by George T. Doran
● Specific – target specific area for improvement
○ I want to improve my bench press
● Measurable – quantifiable, way of assessing progress
○ Add 50 lbs to bench press
● Action-Oriented – specify how we will do it
○ Over next 12 week BY training 3x/week, focusing on chest and shoulders
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