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Summary Building Block of Matter (WBPH004-05)
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Summary of the course with the first chapter of the book. The book is not important or mandatory for the course
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Samenvatting Building Blocks Of Matter(BBOM)
Inhoudsopgave
Inhoudsopgave
Lectures
Quizes
The Particle Garden
, Lectures
around the 16th century, atoms were seen as elementary constituents of matter mainly for
philosophical issues. The evidence of atoms was mainly argumentative or at best qualitative
and thus there was no quantitative proof.
- the study towards atoms etc. started with philosophers
- natural philosophy became more empirical and thus more rested on observations
and experiments. This is the start of the scientific method which is: observe →
hypothesis → experiment → repeat.
- In 1869, Mendeleev discovered periodicity in the chemical properties when elements
are arranged by mass and properties. in this periodic table there were holes which
were unknown elements yet. The scheme of Mendeleev allows us to make
predictions of the existence of elements, predict the magnitude of masses and
chemical properties.
- Time Period of elements found
- in the antiquity to the middle age the first 12 elements are discovered
- in the middle age till 1799 there are 22 elements found
- in 1800-1849 there are 25 elements found
- in 1850-1899 there are 24 elements found (Mendeleev time)
- in 1900-1949 there are 14 elements found
- in 1950-1999 there are 15 elements found
- since 2000 there are 8 elements found
The definition of seeing is observing the light that is reflected (scattered) by an object. light is
a wave of undulating electric and magnetic fields. colour is the human perception of
difference in wavelengths which is a physical property.
When shining x-rays through crystals, diffraction patterns are observed which is called x-ray
diffraction:
Cathode rays are affected by magnetic and electric fields and thus is not light but a particle
ray → electron. in this experiment, the electron is discovered since it has to be affected by
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