fundamentals of nursing final exam review 2022 latest version pdf
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lOMoAR cPSD| 11763056
Fundamentals of Nursing - Final
Exam Review 2022 latest
version
Fundamentals of Nursing
Page 1 of 58
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Page 2 of 58
, lOMoAR cPSD| 11763056
Final Exam
*Study Guide
Topics covered from Week 1 to Week 4
Introduction to Health Care Delivery System
Health promotion and illness prevention
- Primary Health Promotion and Illness Prevention: promoting health and preventing
illness
- Secondary Health Promotion and Illness Prevention: screening for early detection of
disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found
- Tertiary Health Promotion and Illness Prevention: an illness is diagnosed and treated,
goal is to reduce disability and rehabilitate
Cultural influences on health care
- Physiologic variation (heretic diseases)
- Reactions to pain
- Mental health
- Gender roles
- Language and communication
- Orientation to space and time
- Food and nutrition
- Family support
- Socioeconomic factors
Asepsis/Infection Control (Part I)
Factors affecting risk for infection
- Integrity of skin and mucous membranes
- pH level of GI and urinary tract
- integrity and number of WBC’s
- age, sex, hereditary factors
- immunizations
- level of fatigue, nutritional status, other conditions, medications
- stress level
- use of invasive or indwelling devices, urinary catheters, central lines
Nursing assessment for infection prevention & control
Hand hygiene
- Single most important thing you can do to prevent, and control spread of infectious
agents
Standard precautions and isolation precautions
, lOMoAR cPSD| 11763056
- Standard Precautions: hand hygiene, use of clean nonsterile gloves, wearing of PPE,
follow respiratory hygiene/ cough etiquette, avoid recapping used needles, use safe
injection practices, wear a face mask if placing a catheter or injecting material into the
spinal or epidural space, handle soiled equipment carefully, use adequate environmental
controls, appropriate room assignments
- Isolation Precautions
o Contact: colonization or infection with multidrug resistant organism (respiratory,
skin, wound, enteric, and eye infections)
▪ Barrier protection- private room or cohort patients; wear PPE when in
contact with the patient; don’t share non-critical equipment; proper
cleaning and disinfection of used equipment; limit movement of the
patient out of the room
o Droplet: transmitted by large droplets
▪ Barrier protection- private room or cohort patients; door may remain open;
wear a surgical mask; wear PPE when entering room; surgical mask on
patient when leaves room
o Airborne: transmitted by smaller droplets
▪ Barrier protection- private room under negative pressure; keep door closed
and patient in room; wear PPE, N95 mask, when entering room; surgical
mask on patient when leaves room
o Neutropenic/ Protective Environment: leukemia requiring stem cell
transplantation, receiving chemotherapy
▪ Barrier protection- ensure HCP is healthy; restrict visits; prioritize aseptic
techniques; private and positive airflow room; door closed at all times;
PPE, N95 mask, worn by patient when leaves room; limit time outside
room
Orders of donning & removing PPE (Lab)
Hygiene
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