BioChem C785 unit 2 Questions Answered-Hydrogen bond - Weak bond interaction Between two molecules
amino group - Consists of hydorgen and nitrogen atoms (-NH3+)
macromolecules - A giant molecule in a living organism formed by the joining of smaller molecules: a protein, carbohydrate, or nucle...
polymer - a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked
together by covalent bonds.
R group - a functional group that defines a particular amino acid that makes it a
specific protein (20 amino acids) aka side chain
Catalyst - Speed up chemical reactions but remain unchanged by the reaction.
monomers - repeating units that serve as the building blocks of a polymer
enzymes - specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions in cells
alpha carbon - the central carbon atom of each amino acid
Atomic number - number of protons
atomic mass - number of protons plus number of neutrons
, dehydration synthesis - a chemical reaction in which two molecules become covalently
bonded to each other with the removal of a water molecule.
amino acid backbone - The structure comprised of the amino group, carboxyl group
with a central alpha carbon atom.
dehydration reaction - A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to
each other with the removal of a water molecule.
Ionic bond - formed when two oppositely charged ions attract
Hydrophobic - non polar, afraid of water
Disulfide bond - double (di) bond between two Sulfur (sulfide) atoms in cysteine side
chains. They stabilize tertiary and quaternary structures of a protein.
carbohydrates - Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a
ratio of one carbon atom to two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom. They exist as
monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.
protein - a macromolecule consisting of one or more polypeptides chains made up
amino acids folded and coiled into a specific three-dimensional structure.
polar - Amino acid Molecule with partial charges. Mixes with water.
covalent bond - formed when the difference in electronegativity between A atoms is
equal they then share electrons
Polar covalent bond - when electrons are unequally shared between Atoms because
they have different electronegativities
charged - Amino acid has a positive or negative charge
hydrophobic effect - (Water Fearing). Tendency of nonpolar (non charged) substances
to aggregate (clump together) in water and exclude the water molecules.
amino acid - an organic molecule possessing both a carboxyl and an amino group. The
monomers of polypeptides. There are 20 different forms. Distinguished by side chains.
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