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NR 322 – EXAM THREE STUDY GUIDE.
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NR 322 – EXAM THREE STUDY GUIDE.
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NR 322 – EXAM THREE STUDY GUIDE1. Review Hirschsprung Disease. What is it? Complications? Treatments?
Absence of parasympathetic ganglionic cells (help sphincters relax) in a segment of the
colon, usually at the distal end of the large intestine. The lack of nerve innervation causes an
absence of, or alteration in, peristalsis in the affected part of the colon (have trouble relaxing
to have BM). MAJOR hallmark sign is absence of that first stool as newborn, called
meconium.
Congenital disorder
Disease progression causes most complications. Complications include severe diarrhea,
bowel perforation, sepsis, incontinence, stricture formation, enterocolitis, and hypovolemic
shock.
Treatment includes surgery to remove the part of the colon without the functioning nerves.
2. Review Crohn’s disease vs. ulcerative colitis. Similarities vs. differences?
Both inflammatory bowel diseases.
, 3. Management of trauma in children – goals of care, signs of renal trauma, cerebral
trauma,etc.
ABCs!!!!
4. What is pyloric stenosis? How do we care for these kids, what complications are we
trying to prevent?
Pyloric stenosis is hyperplasia (increased mass) and hypertrophy (increased size) of the
circular muscle at the pylorus, the lower opening o the stomach leading into the duodenum.
The increased mass and size of the muscle narrows the canal, preventing the stomach from
emptying normally. In some cases pyloric obstruction can occur because of the stenosis
which leads to vomiting and gastritis from prolonged filling of the stomach. It is most
commonly seen in boys between ages 1 and 6 months. Other complications are malnutrition
(from lots of vomiting), dehydration (can’t keep anything down), infection, and metabolic
alkalosis.
5. Review Intussusception – what is it, symptoms, treatment?
Intussusception is a telescoping of the bowel segments into itself.
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