EMT Exam Questions & Answers, 2022
What is the rate of CPR in breaths and compressions:
- 6 breaths and 110 compressions in a minute
What is considered tachycardic for an adult?
- heart rate more than 100
What is considered bradycardic for an adult?
- Heart rate less than 60
When is nitroglycerin not advised to be administered?
- if the systolic blood pressure is less than 100
Where does blood flow after it leaves the left ventricle?
- it flows to the aortic arch
What medication is Erectile Dysfunction medications a contraindication?
- nitroglycerin
What is the parasympathetic system responsible for?
- slowing the heart rate and intestinal activity
What is the function of the carotid artery?
- it carries blood from the heart to the head
Are open ended or close ended questions better to ask?
- open ended questions; it avoids the yes/no answer
what delivers blood to the right atrium?
- the superior and inferior vena cava
What does diastolic blood pressure refer to?
- it refers to the pressure of the vessels during the relaxation phase; bottom of the
blood pressure
What is TIA
- transient ischemic attack; this is where vessels in the brain are blocked for a few
minutes
When do you change roles during CPR?
,- every two minutes
What is another name for a heart attack?
- acute myocardial infarction
What does nitroglycerin do?
- nitroglycerin dilates the vessels to reduce the hearts preload
When cells are deprived of oxygen and die they are called?
- infarcted cells
What type of heart attack is extremely common in elderly?
- silent heart attack
What is arteriosclerosis?
- thickening of arterial walls
What is pericardial tamponade?
- the heart is impeded by fluid in the pericardium
What happens when someone has a pericardial tamponade?
- low blood pressure; muffled heart sound; weak pulse due to the hearts struggles to
pump
If a patient is unresponsive with a pulse you:
- 2 quick rescue breaths then breaths 10-12 every minute
what does a sphygmonometer measure?
- it measures blood pressure
what is a normal systolic blood pressure for a child?
- 80-110
what are three things to check if suspicious of a stroke?
- speech, facial droop, arm drift
what are the actions of nitroglycerin
- smooth muscle relaxation, reduces cardiac workload, dilates coronary arteries, and
dilates systemic arteries
what happens if a patient has preeclampsia?
, - hypertensive; extremely high blood pressure and swelling in extremeties;
susceptible to seizures
what is an ischemic stroke?
- blood flow being cut off from part of the brain
what is the normal heart rate for a child
- 70-110 beats per minute
what ratio should 2 person cpr on a child be done at?
- 15:2
what is the correct treatment for someone undergoing aphyxial cardiac arrest?
- 5 cycles of CPR prior to retrieving the AED or emergency response system
what is the most common reason for cardiac arrest in children?
- respiratory arrest
what does the term lumen refer to in EMS?
- the diameter of a tube
rescue breathing guidelines:
- adult: 1 breath every 5-6 seconds; child: 1 breath every 3-5 seconds
what does placing a folded towel underneath a childs shoulders do?
- it aids in aligning the childs airway
what does DKA cause?
- it causes frequent urination in an attempt to rid the body of excess acid buildup
what does alpha 1 receptors do?
- vasoconstricts/shunts blood
what does beta 1 receptors do?
- increases HR/contractility
what is the difference between compensatory and decompensatory stages of shock?
- compensatory: normal blood pressure
decompensatory: Systemic blood pressure decreases and altered mental status
two types of frontal impact is:
What is the rate of CPR in breaths and compressions:
- 6 breaths and 110 compressions in a minute
What is considered tachycardic for an adult?
- heart rate more than 100
What is considered bradycardic for an adult?
- Heart rate less than 60
When is nitroglycerin not advised to be administered?
- if the systolic blood pressure is less than 100
Where does blood flow after it leaves the left ventricle?
- it flows to the aortic arch
What medication is Erectile Dysfunction medications a contraindication?
- nitroglycerin
What is the parasympathetic system responsible for?
- slowing the heart rate and intestinal activity
What is the function of the carotid artery?
- it carries blood from the heart to the head
Are open ended or close ended questions better to ask?
- open ended questions; it avoids the yes/no answer
what delivers blood to the right atrium?
- the superior and inferior vena cava
What does diastolic blood pressure refer to?
- it refers to the pressure of the vessels during the relaxation phase; bottom of the
blood pressure
What is TIA
- transient ischemic attack; this is where vessels in the brain are blocked for a few
minutes
When do you change roles during CPR?
,- every two minutes
What is another name for a heart attack?
- acute myocardial infarction
What does nitroglycerin do?
- nitroglycerin dilates the vessels to reduce the hearts preload
When cells are deprived of oxygen and die they are called?
- infarcted cells
What type of heart attack is extremely common in elderly?
- silent heart attack
What is arteriosclerosis?
- thickening of arterial walls
What is pericardial tamponade?
- the heart is impeded by fluid in the pericardium
What happens when someone has a pericardial tamponade?
- low blood pressure; muffled heart sound; weak pulse due to the hearts struggles to
pump
If a patient is unresponsive with a pulse you:
- 2 quick rescue breaths then breaths 10-12 every minute
what does a sphygmonometer measure?
- it measures blood pressure
what is a normal systolic blood pressure for a child?
- 80-110
what are three things to check if suspicious of a stroke?
- speech, facial droop, arm drift
what are the actions of nitroglycerin
- smooth muscle relaxation, reduces cardiac workload, dilates coronary arteries, and
dilates systemic arteries
what happens if a patient has preeclampsia?
, - hypertensive; extremely high blood pressure and swelling in extremeties;
susceptible to seizures
what is an ischemic stroke?
- blood flow being cut off from part of the brain
what is the normal heart rate for a child
- 70-110 beats per minute
what ratio should 2 person cpr on a child be done at?
- 15:2
what is the correct treatment for someone undergoing aphyxial cardiac arrest?
- 5 cycles of CPR prior to retrieving the AED or emergency response system
what is the most common reason for cardiac arrest in children?
- respiratory arrest
what does the term lumen refer to in EMS?
- the diameter of a tube
rescue breathing guidelines:
- adult: 1 breath every 5-6 seconds; child: 1 breath every 3-5 seconds
what does placing a folded towel underneath a childs shoulders do?
- it aids in aligning the childs airway
what does DKA cause?
- it causes frequent urination in an attempt to rid the body of excess acid buildup
what does alpha 1 receptors do?
- vasoconstricts/shunts blood
what does beta 1 receptors do?
- increases HR/contractility
what is the difference between compensatory and decompensatory stages of shock?
- compensatory: normal blood pressure
decompensatory: Systemic blood pressure decreases and altered mental status
two types of frontal impact is:
