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Nursing 250 Clinical Medications- CNI College/Nursing 250 Clinical Medications- CNI College/Nursing 250 Clinical Medications- CNI College/Nursing 250 Clinical Medications- CNI College/Nursing 250 Clinical Medications- CNI College/Nursing 250 Clinical Medications- CNI College/Nursing 250 Clinical Me...

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  • May 18, 2022
  • 12
  • 2021/2022
  • Other
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  • nursing 250 clinical medications cni collegenursing 250 clinical medications cni collegenursing 250 clinical medications cni collegenursing 250 clinical medications cni collegenursing 250 clin

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Laxative:
Colace
 Therapeutic class: Laxative. Loosens surface tension of stool to allow
water/moisture absorption to stool to soften for easier expulsion.
 Side Effects: Diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal cramping. Sever side effect:
dehydration
 Contraindications: Diarrhea, possible or confirmed bowel obstruction, stool
impaction.
 Before admin: Date of last bm and stool consistency. If “soft” was it diarrhea? How
many movements in last 24 hr period.
 Pt teaching: Increase fluid intake. Take with glass of water. Hold for diarrhea.
Senna
 Therapeutic class: medication used to treat constipation and empty the large
intestine
 Side effects: esophageal impaction, hypersensitivity, finger clubbing
 Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, ulcerative colitis, fecal impaction, GI
obstruction or perforation, GI or rectal bleeding.
 Before admin: Check last bowel movement
 Pt teaching: Instruct client to report if experiencing sudden change in bowel
movements lasting more than > 2 weeks, stomach pain, and nausea and vomiting.
Miralax (Polyethylene glycol)
 Therapeutic class: OSMOTIC LAXATIVE -causes water retention in stool, causing
increase in stool frequency.
 Side effects: abdominal bloating, abdominal cramping, abdominal distention,
diarrhea, flatulence, ischemic colitis, and nausea.
 Contraindications: Diarrhea, avoid use in patient with bowel obstruction, ulcerative
colitis, children under <2 years of age because of the risk of hypoglycemia,
dehydration, and hypokalemia.
 Before admin: Check last bowel movement, and characteristics of the stool. Do not
give for more than a week. Check provider’s order.
 Pt teaching: Instruct patient to hydrate adequately with water or clear liquids before
and after unless contraindicated


Protonix (Pantoprazole)
 Therapeutic class: antiulcer, gastric acid proton pump inhibitor
 Side effects: anxiety, chest pain, hyperglycemia, rash, bronchitis, dyspnea
 Contraindications: hypersensitivity to pantoprazole, benzimidazoles, Pregnancy
category B
 Pt teaching: do not chew or crush, swallow tablets whole. Relief of symptoms in 2
weeks. If taking warfarin to follow bleeding precautions
Pepcid (Famotidine)
 Therapeutic class: antiulcer agent, gastric acid secretion inhibitor
 Side effects: anxiety, dizziness, arrhythmias, decreased libido, bronchospasm.
 Contraindications: hypersensitivity to famotidine, other H2- receptor antagonists
 Before admin: shake well,
 Pt teaching: to protect from freezing, store at room temperature. Chew tablets
thoroughly before swallowing. Avoid alcohol and smoking.

, Prilosec (Omeprazole)
 Therapeutic class: antiulcer, proton pump inhibitor
 Side effects: agitation, chest pain, hypertension, photosensitivity, agranulocytosis,
anemia
 Contraindications: hypersensitivity to omeprazole, other proton pump inhibitors
 Before admin: give before meals in morning, monitor patient for bone fracture, can
interfere with absorption with vitamin B12
 Pt teaching: take before breakfast. Avoid alcohol, aspirin products, and foods that
may increase gastric secretions.
Diuretics:
Lasix
 Therapeutic class: antihypertensive, diuretic, inhibits sodium and water
reabsorption in the loop of henle and increases urine formation to reduce edema
caused by cirrhosis, heart failure, and renal disease.
 Side effects: dizziness, arrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension, blurred vision,
hyperglycemia, muscle pain
 Contraindications: anuria unresponsive to furosemide, hypersensitivity to
furosemide, sulfonamides
 Before admin: cautious in patients with advanced hepatic cirrhosis or electrolyte
imbalance, obtain weight before, give drug in morning
 Pt teaching: take medication same time each day, take last dose hours before bed
time, change position slowly cause of orthostatic hypotenstion
Hydrochlorthiazide
 Therapeutic class: antihypertensive diuretic, promotes movement of sodium,
chloride, and water from blood in peritubular capillaries into nephrons distal
convoluted tubule.
 Side effects:
 Contraindications: anuria, hypersensitivity to hydrochlorothiazide, other thiazides,
sulfonamide derivatives
 Before admin: minor alterations in fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate
hepatic coma in patients. Give in morning, monitor blood pressure, weight,
electrolytes, fluid intake and output. Monitor BUN and creatinine levels
 Pt teaching: take in morning, weigh themselves at same time, eat diet high in
potassium, change position slowly. Orthostatic hypotension
Spirolactalone
 Therapeutic class: POTASSIUM SPARING DIURETIC - Aldosterone antagonist with
diuretic and antihypertensive effects; competitive binding of receptors at
aldosterone-dependent Na-K exchange site in distal tubules results in increased
exertion of Na+, Cl-, and water retention of K+ and H+. Thereby increasing urinary
excretion of sodium and water reduces blood volume and blood pressure.
 Side effects: Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, gastritis, decrease libido.
 Contraindications: acute renal insufficiency, Addison’s disease and other conditions
associated with hyperkalemia.
 Before admin: evaluate patient’s serum potassium level, assess if patient has
trouble swallowing.

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