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Notities van hoorcolleges - Inleiding criminologie
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Alle notities van de hoorcolleges van inleiding Criminologie.
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INLEIDINGCRIMINOLOGIE
Hoorcolleges
2021/2022
UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN
Criminolgie
,Inhoudsopgave
Week 1 Inleiding criminologie.................................................................................................................................5
De hoofdvragen van criminologie........................................................................................................................5
Criminaliteit een probleem.................................................................................................................................5
een defenitie van criminaliteit.............................................................................................................................6
Gebruiken, normen en wetten.............................................................................................................................6
Verschillende definities........................................................................................................................................6
Criminalisering & decriminalisering.................................................................................................................6
Basis disciplines van de criminologie...................................................................................................................6
Sub-disciplines van de criminologie.................................................................................................................7
Geschiedenis van de criminologie........................................................................................................................7
… - 1700 Theologische benadering..................................................................................................................7
1700 – 1800 Filosofisch en normatieve benadering.......................................................................................7
1800 – 1900 Wetenschappelijke benadering...................................................................................................7
1900 – nu modern wetenschappelijke benadering.........................................................................................7
Criminologie – De werkwijze................................................................................................................................7
PTOB-Schema...................................................................................................................................................7
Wetenschappelijke benadering........................................................................................................................7
Relevantie.........................................................................................................................................................8
Week 2 Interviews en enquetes..............................................................................................................................8
Interviews.............................................................................................................................................................8
Slachtofferenquetes.............................................................................................................................................8
Daderenquetes/ “zelfrapportage”.......................................................................................................................8
Nadelen van interviews en enquete....................................................................................................................9
Voordelen van interviews en enquetes...............................................................................................................9
Soorten registratie data.......................................................................................................................................9
Voordelen registratie gegevens.........................................................................................................................10
Nadelen registratie gegevens.............................................................................................................................10
Unobtrusive methods.........................................................................................................................................10
(quasi-) Experimenteel onderzoek.....................................................................................................................10
Classificaties.......................................................................................................................................................11
soorten cijfers.....................................................................................................................................................11
Eisen aan meten.................................................................................................................................................11
Ontwikkelingen/trends.......................................................................................................................................11
Week 3 Strafrechtsketen.......................................................................................................................................12
Het strafrechtelijke systeem..............................................................................................................................12
Tanya Rodrigues College jaar 2020/2021 Criminologie
, Registreren en opsporen................................................................................................................................12
Vervolgen........................................................................................................................................................13
Berechten.......................................................................................................................................................13
Ten uitvoerlegging..........................................................................................................................................14
Taken subactoren in strafrechtsketen...............................................................................................................14
Selectie in de strafrechtsketen...........................................................................................................................14
Verklaringen voor selectie..............................................................................................................................14
Filtering in de keten............................................................................................................................................15
Factoren bij filtering.......................................................................................................................................15
Verklaringen voor filtering.............................................................................................................................16
Week 4 Biologische en psychologische theorieen................................................................................................17
Biologische theorieen.........................................................................................................................................17
Klassieke biologische ideeen..........................................................................................................................17
Positivisme...............................................................................................................................17
Lombroso.................................................................................................................................17
Somatotypes............................................................................................................................18
Kritiek (vroege) Biologische theorieeen...................................................................................18
Pyscho-biologisch...........................................................................................................................................18
Gedrags-genetische theorieen.......................................................................................................................18
Neuro-Criminologisch theorieen....................................................................................................................19
Psychologische theorieen...................................................................................................................................19
Antisociale persoonlijkheidsstoornis..............................................................................................................19
ADHD.......................................................................................................................................19
Persoonlijkheidstheorieen.............................................................................................................................20
PEN-Model (Eysenck)...............................................................................................................20
Big Five (ezelsbrug OCEAN).....................................................................................................20
Zelfcontroletheorie (Gottfrefson & Hirshi)...............................................................................20
Conclusie..................................................................................................................................20
Leerpsychologische theorieen........................................................................................................................21
Conditionering.........................................................................................................................21
Observationeel leren...............................................................................................................21
Differentiele-associatietheorie.................................................................................................21
Ontwikkelingspsychologie........................................................................................................21
Neutralisatietheorieen...................................................................................................................................22
Neutralisatietechnieken...........................................................................................................22
Conclusie.................................................................................................................................22
Tanya Rodrigues College jaar 2020/2021 Criminologie
, week 5 Economische en sociologische theorieën.................................................................................................23
economische theorieën......................................................................................................................................23
Historische context.........................................................................................................................................23
Klassieke ideeen.............................................................................................................................................23
Afschrikkingstheorieën – Deterence theories................................................................................................23
Rationele keuze theorieën.............................................................................................................................23
Gelegenheids- en routine activiteiten theorieën...........................................................................................24
Sociologische theorieën.....................................................................................................................................24
Anomie- en strain...........................................................................................................................................24
De Anomie theorie (merton)....................................................................................................25
The general strain theory (Agnew)...........................................................................................25
Subculturele theorie................................................................................................................25
Sociale desorganisatie....................................................................................................................................25
Chicago school.........................................................................................................................25
Sociale controle..............................................................................................................................................25
Labeling..........................................................................................................................................................26
Week 6 De overheid en criminaliteitsbeleid.........................................................................................................27
Optimale samenleving........................................................................................................................................27
Beleidstheorie................................................................................................................................................27
Een staat.............................................................................................................................................................27
Gewelds- en belastingmonopolie.......................................................................................................................27
Democratische rechtsstaat.................................................................................................................................27
Grondrechten.................................................................................................................................................27
Democratische vrijheidsrechten....................................................................................................................27
Machtenscheiding..........................................................................................................................................27
Rechtsregels...................................................................................................................................................28
Legaliteitsbeginsel..........................................................................................................................................28
Overheid Taken.................................................................................................................................................28
Zorgen voor collectieve goederen..................................................................................................................28
BEscherming van de rechtstaat......................................................................................................................28
Berscherming van de burger..........................................................................................................................28
Rechtshandhaving: Preventie en repressief beleid........................................................................................28
CriminaliteitsBeleid............................................................................................................................................29
Preventiemaatregelen....................................................................................................................................29
Week 7 Straffen & Criminaliteit............................................................................................................................30
Straftheorieen....................................................................................................................................................30
Tanya Rodrigues College jaar 2020/2021 Criminologie
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