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Summary of all the theory for IS
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The document contains a summary of all the theory for the Innovation Systems exam.
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Course introductionWhat is needed for successful innovation?
Interactions are important
Marketing research
Knowledge & investment close interaction
The structure of an innovation system
You are always building on previous knowledge. Collaborate with others. Innovation does
not take place in isolation, but is a collective act & influenced by many factors
3 characteristics of a system:
- System shares a goal/ main function develop and diffuse the innovation itself.
- Two constituents: components and interactions
- There are observable boundaries to the systems wind turbines don’t function in
isolation. It is not a closed system.
All the components in the innovation systems are all supporting the technology, otherwise
you get problems. Interdisciplinary view on innovation.
Multi-Level-Perspective approach Understanding technical change implies creating
insight in the relations between incumbent technology and the incumbent (innovation)
system in relation to the emerging technology and the emerging innovation system. This is
also the central idea of the Multi-Level Model.
National Innovation Systems approach the unit of analysis is the country. They typically
compare a variety of nations to explain why some are more successful in realizing innovation
and economic growth than others. The main purpose is to assess the innovative
performance of a nation.
Regional Innovation Systems approach the unit of analysis is a region. These studies tend
to be more micro-oriented.
Sectoral Innovation Systems approach focuses on the level of the industrial sector. The
structure is shaped by rules that are implicitly present in the technology, the knowledge, and
the practices, that characterize a sector.
Technological Innovation Systems approach to analyse and evaluate the development of
a particular technological innovation in terms of the structures and processes that support
(or hamper) it.
The TIS approach is set apart from the other approaches, because of two features:
1. It emphasizes the role of economic competence.
2. A more serious focus on system dynamics.
,There is a select few that can use it and can buy it. Later more mainstream of
acceleration. Then there is stabilization. The innovation will develop.
TIS analysis goal assess and identify problems and improve innovation system’s
performance. At the end giving recommendations for policy makers.
, Structure of Innovation Systems
To really understand innovation, you must study the entire system, instead of a few
components.
First step: mapping structural dimensions and their capabilities: actors, institutions,
interactions, and networks.
A linear model
Developments leading to a national innovation system
Linear model:
Research Development Production Marketing
People have full information etc. that is not true. Technology push model: technology push –
no demand pull. It is important to think about the learning processes. Promising technology
and marketing help to overcome all obstacles. There are no feedback loops. There are many
more factors that are important for innovations to succeed.
The Chain Link Model of Innovation:
Invention and innovation are demand driven
Innovation is a learning process involving multiple inputs.
Steps less linear but with feedback loops, many factors involved.
It doesn’t include all the factors that are important. It doesn’t highlight the role of
institutions.
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