nclex rn exam 2020 test prep qampa it covers 1 basic nursing care 171 2 management and practice directives 115 3 preventing risks and complications 81 4 caring for acute or chronic conditions
1. BASIC NURSING CARE-171
2. MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE DIRECTIVES- 115
3. PREVENTING RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS-81
4. CARING FOR ACUTE OR CHRONIC C.ONDITIONS-97
5. SAFETY -68
6. MENTAL HEALTH -49
7. PHARMACOLOGY 114
8. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT-66 9.BASIC NURSING CARE
(STUDY MODE)
,1. In which of the following ways can the nurse promote the sense of taste for an
older adult?
a. Mix foods together on the dinner tray
b. Avoid cologne, air fresheners, or room deodorizers
c. Encourage the client to chew food thoroughly
d. Discourage the use of salt or seasonings with prepared food
ANSWER C: As clients age, their sense of taste may diminish, reducing the
joy that comes with eating. A nurse can promote the sense of taste for a client by
encouraging him to chew his food thoroughly while eating. This results in longer
contact of food with the taste buds and a greater chance of tasting the food.
2.
Which of the following is classified as a prerenal condition that affects urinary
elimination?
a. Nephrotoxic medications
b. Pericardial tamponade
c. Neurogenic bladder
d. Polycystic kidney disease
ANSWER B: A prerenal condition is that which causes reduced urinary elimination
due to a diminished blood flow to the kidneys. A condition such as cardiac tamponade
affects the heart's ability to pump adequate amounts of blood, thereby reducing blood
flow to vital organs throughout the body, including the kidneys.
3.
A nurse is assessing an African American client for risks of a pressure ulcer. Which of the
following best describes what the nurse might find with an early pressure ulcer in this
client?
a. Skin has a purple/bluish color
b. Capillary refill is 1 second
c. Skin appears blanched at the pressure site
d. Tenting appears when checking skin turgor
ANSWER A: When assessing for signs of developing pressure ulcers in a client with
dark skin, decreased circulation may not always be readily apparent. For instance,
blanching, the red undertones seen in light-skinned clients, will not always be present.
Instead, the skin of an early pressure ulcer may develop a purple or bluish color.
,4.
A term used to refer to generalized wasting of body tissues and malnutrition is called:
a. Entropion
b. Confabulation
c. Induration
d. Cachexia
ANSWER D: Cachexia is a term used to describe the generalized wasting of body
tissues, ill health, and malnutrition that is associated with some chronic diseases.
Cachexia involves a loss of fat tissue to protect the bones and joints. Clients with
cachexia are at risk of pressure ulcers in addition to complications associated with
malnutrition and poor health.
5.
Which of the following clients is at a higher risk of developing oral health
problems?
a. A pregnant client
b. A client with diabetes
c. A client receiving chemotherapy
d. Both b and c
ANSWER D: Some clients are at higher risk of developing oral health problems due to
changes in the mouth associated with certain diseases, or an inability to provide proper
self care and oral hygiene. Diabetic clients may be more likely to develop periodontal
disease, gingivitis, or mouth dryness.
Clients receiving chemotherapy may have mouth ulcers or gingivitis, leading to further
pain and infection.
6.
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to reduce environmental stimuli
that may cause discomfort for a client?
a. Loosen pressure dressings on wounds
b. Use assistance to pull a client up in bed
c. Check temperature of water used in a sponge bath
d. Position the client prone
, ANSWER C: A nurse can reduce environmental stimuli that can cause discomfort for a
client through several interventions. When giving a sponge bath, the nurse can check
the temperature of the bath water to ensure it is not too hot to avoid burns, nor too
cold, to avoid causing discomfort. Other measures the nurse can perform include
lifting clients rather than pulling them up in bed, changing wet dressings, and
providing proper positioning while in bed.
7.
A client has developed a vitamin C deficiency. Which of the following symptoms
might the nurse most likely see with this condition?
a. Cracks at the corners of the mouth
b. Altered mental status
c. Bleeding gums and loose teeth
d. Anorexia and diarrhea
ANSWER C: A client with a severe vitamin C deficiency has a condition called scurvy.
Clients with scurvy are most likely to develop bleeding gums, loose teeth, poor wound
healing, and easy bruising.
8.
Which of the following interventions should a nurse perform for a female client
who is incontinent with impaired skin integrity?
a. Turn the client at least every 8 hours
b. Apply lotion to the skin before a bath
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c. Provide perineal care after the client uses the bathroom
d. Bathe the client every 3 days
ANSWER C: A nurse can help protect the skin integrity of some clients, especially
female clients who are incontinent, by performing cares that keep the skin clean and
dry. Providing perineal care after the client uses the bathroom promotes good skin
integrity by removing excess secretions that could cause odor and infection.
9.
A client has fallen asleep in his bed in the hospital. His heart rate is 65 bpm, his muscles
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