Week 3 Discussion: Learning & Memory
Hello.
Option 1
The term learning is defined by psychologists as a relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of
experience. Using the theory of observational learning to give an example:
A child, who is known as the observer, watches her elder brother (the model) arranging his books. He is
praised by his parents for doing this task. The child sees this as a reward and then she models his behavior by
arranging her toys.
You read about classical and operant conditioning in the lesson on learned behavior. Conditioning is not the
only way in which people learn, but it does play a significant role in everyone's lives. Think of classical and
operant conditioning in your own life. Write a two-paragraph essay, with each paragraph providing three
examples of each kind of conditioning in your own life. For example, you may notice that you immediately start
feeling sleepier when you turn on a white noise machine at night (classical conditioning), or that you are
cooking more dinners at night because you enjoy the praise that your family gives you (operant conditioning).
Habituation happens naturally when a stimulus repeatedly occurs. It is adaptive to habituate to common noises
or occurrences in the environment. Think of three instances in your life when habituation has occurred, and
write a paragraph describing these occasions.
For example: when you moved to a new house with train tracks nearby, you may have been
awakened by the sound of a train every few hours at night initially, but before long were able to
sleep through the night, not hearing or noticing the trains passing by.
Reference:
Brookfield, Stephen D. Becoming a Critically Reflective Teacher. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass, 1995. Print.
Brown, Sally, and Peter Knight. Assessing Learners in Higher Education. 1 edition. London ;
Philadelphia: Routledge, 1998. Print.
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