Summary
samenvatting Grondwettelijk Recht Voor Bestuurskundigen
- Course
- Institution
notities powerpoint boek
[Show more]
Seller
Followmariedecloedt
Reviews received
Content preview
Grondwettelijk Recht bestuurskunde en publiek managementInhoudsopgave
1 Inleiding, algemeen..................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Privaat en publiekrecht...................................................................................................................................5
1.2 De grondwet....................................................................................................................................................5
1.2.1 De grondwet heeft 2 functies...................................................................................................................8
1.2.2 Scheiding der machten.............................................................................................................................8
1.3 Soevereiniteit................................................................................................................................................10
1.3.1 Volkssoevereiniteit.................................................................................................................................10
1.3.2 Nationale soevereiniteit.........................................................................................................................10
1.3.3 Directe democratie.................................................................................................................................11
1.4 Kiessystemen.................................................................................................................................................14
1.4.1 Meerderheidsstelsels.............................................................................................................................14
1.4.2 Evenredigheidsstelsels...........................................................................................................................15
1.5 Staatssystemen.............................................................................................................................................17
1.5.1 Parlementair systeem............................................................................................................................17
1.5.2 Presidentieel systeem............................................................................................................................18
2 De normenhiërarchie................................................................................................................................ 20
2.1 Hiërarchische ladder.....................................................................................................................................23
2.1.1 Eerste instantie: de grondwet................................................................................................................23
2.2 De grondwet..................................................................................................................................................24
2.2.1 De wijzigingsprocedure..........................................................................................................................24
2.3 Wetten, decreten en ordonnanties...............................................................................................................28
2.3.1 Federalisme............................................................................................................................................29
2.3.2 Gedecentraliseerde staat.......................................................................................................................29
2.3.3 Federale staat.........................................................................................................................................30
2.3.4 Federalisme versus confederalisme.......................................................................................................31
2.3.5 Wetten....................................................................................................................................................32
2.3.6 Decreten.................................................................................................................................................36
2.3.7 Internationale rechtsnormen.................................................................................................................37
2.3.8 Koninklijke besluiten, kb’s besluiten deelstaatregeringen....................................................................39
2.3.9 Ministeriële besluiten.............................................................................................................................42
2.3.10 Besluiten van leden van de gemeenschaps- en gewestregeringen.....................................................43
3 Federale politieke instellingen: de koning.................................................................................................. 44
3.1 Waarom een koning?....................................................................................................................................44
3.2 Erfelijke monarchie.......................................................................................................................................45
3.2.1 De natuurlijke en wettige nakomelingschap..........................................................................................45
3.2.2 Eerstegeboorterecht..............................................................................................................................46
3.2.3 Nakomelingschap in de rechte lijn.........................................................................................................46
3.2.4 Verzaken aan de erfopvolging................................................................................................................47
3.2.5 Overlijden koning...................................................................................................................................47
1
,Grondwettelijk Recht bestuurskunde en publiek management
3.2.6 Troonafstand..........................................................................................................................................47
3.3 Onmogelijkheid om te regeren.....................................................................................................................48
3.4 Regentschap..................................................................................................................................................48
3.5 Onschendbaarheid en onverantwoordelijkheid............................................................................................49
3.5.1 Strafrechtelijke onschendbaarheid........................................................................................................49
3.5.2 Burgerrechtelijke onschendbaarheid.....................................................................................................50
3.5.3 Politieke onschendbaarheid...................................................................................................................50
4 Federale politieke instellingen: het parlement........................................................................................... 51
4.1 Bicameralisme...............................................................................................................................................51
4.1.1 Er was een staatshervorming in 1993....................................................................................................52
4.1.2 Staatshervorming 2014..........................................................................................................................54
4.2 Kamer van volksvertegenwoordigers............................................................................................................54
4.3 Samenstelling senaat....................................................................................................................................55
4.3.1 Deelstaatsenatoren van de nederlandse taalgroep...............................................................................56
4.3.2 Deelstaatsenatoren van de franse taalgroep.........................................................................................56
4.3.3 Verdeling zetels......................................................................................................................................56
4.4 Indeling in taalgroepen.................................................................................................................................57
4.5 Verkiezing van de kamer van volksvertegenwoordigers..............................................................................57
4.6 Historische schets van het kiesrecht.............................................................................................................59
4.7 Verkiezing kamer van volksvertegenwoordigers..........................................................................................61
4.8 Werking kamer van volksvertegenwoordigers + senaat..............................................................................67
4.9 Statuut van de parlementsleden...................................................................................................................69
4.9.1 Het toepassingsgebied...........................................................................................................................71
4.9.2 Statuut van de parlementsleden............................................................................................................72
4.10 de parlementaire overlegcommissie...........................................................................................................73
5 De regering (de uitvoerende macht).......................................................................................................... 74
5.1 Samenstelling en werking.............................................................................................................................74
5.1.1 Bevoegdheden van de ministerraad......................................................................................................76
5.1.2 Vice-eersteministers...............................................................................................................................77
5.1.3 Staatssecretarissen.................................................................................................................................77
5.1.4 Ministers van staat.................................................................................................................................78
5.2 formatie.........................................................................................................................................................78
5.3 Statuut...........................................................................................................................................................79
5.3.1 Voorwaarden en onverenigbaarheden..................................................................................................79
6 federale politieke instellingen, de institutionele samenhang tussen parlement en regering.......................82
6.1 algemeen.......................................................................................................................................................82
6.2 historisch overzicht.......................................................................................................................................83
2
,Grondwettelijk Recht bestuurskunde en publiek management
6.3 huidig stelsel: de formatie.............................................................................................................................86
6.4 huidig stelsel: parlementaire controle..........................................................................................................87
6.5 huidig stelsel: vertoruwensstemming...........................................................................................................87
6.6 huidig stelsel art 100 2de lid, GW...................................................................................................................90
6.6.1 vragenrecht............................................................................................................................................90
6.6.2 interpellatierecht....................................................................................................................................91
6.7 huidig stelsel: recht van onderzoek...............................................................................................................92
6.8 huidig stelsen- ontslag van de regering........................................................................................................95
6.8.1 lopende zaken........................................................................................................................................97
6.9 huidig stelsel: ontbinding kamer...................................................................................................................99
7 gemeenschappen en gewesten en de brusselse instellingen....................................................................100
7.1 inleiding.......................................................................................................................................................101
7.1.1 inleiding- historische schets.................................................................................................................101
7.2 krachtlijnen van de staatshervormingen....................................................................................................101
7.3 basisconcepten............................................................................................................................................102
7.3.1 vier taalgebieden..................................................................................................................................102
7.3.2 drie gemeenschappen..........................................................................................................................103
7.3.3 drie gewesten.......................................................................................................................................104
7.4 SAMENSTELLING/STATUUT/WERKING van de INSTELLINGEN van de Gemeenschappen en Gewesten....105
7.4.2 werking van de parlementen...............................................................................................................109
7.4.3 statuur van de parlementsleden..........................................................................................................109
7.5 regeringen...................................................................................................................................................109
7.5.1 samenstelling regering.........................................................................................................................109
7.5.2 werking van de regering.......................................................................................................................111
7.5.3 statuut van regeringsleden..................................................................................................................112
7.6 institutionele samenhang Parlement- regering deelstaten........................................................................112
7.6.1 vorming................................................................................................................................................112
7.6.2 parlementaire controlemidellen..........................................................................................................113
7.6.3 ontslag regering....................................................................................................................................113
7.6.4 ontbinding van het parlement.............................................................................................................114
7.7 functionele samenwerking parlement-regering deelstaten.......................................................................114
7.8 brusselse instellingen..................................................................................................................................115
7.8.1 inleiding................................................................................................................................................115
7.9 samenstelling bxl gewest............................................................................................................................116
7.9.1 brusselse agglomeratie........................................................................................................................116
7.9.2 de gemeenschapscommissies..............................................................................................................117
7.10 brusselse instellingen- bevoegdheden......................................................................................................118
7.10.1 brussels hoofdstedelijk gewest..........................................................................................................118
7.10.2 brusselse agglomeratie......................................................................................................................119
7.10.3 gemeenschapsbevoegdheden (art 127-129 gw)................................................................................120
3
, Grondwettelijk Recht bestuurskunde en publiek management
7.10.4 hoofdstedelijke gemeenschap...........................................................................................................125
7.11 bescherming vlaamse minderheid............................................................................................................126
7.12 gemeenschappen en gewesten.................................................................................................................126
7.12.1 assymetriën........................................................................................................................................126
8 de bevoedheidsverdeling in het federale belgie.......................................................................................128
8.1 methodiek...................................................................................................................................................129
8.2 toegewezen, voorbehouden en residuair....................................................................................................129
8.3 impliciete bevoegdheden............................................................................................................................131
8.4 aard van de bevoegdheden.........................................................................................................................132
8.4.1 EXCLUSIEVE BEVOEGDHEDEN..............................................................................................................133
8.4.2 materieel..............................................................................................................................................133
8.4.3 territoriaal............................................................................................................................................133
8.4.4 parallelle bevoegdheden......................................................................................................................134
8.5 cooperatief federalisme..............................................................................................................................135
8.6 aard van de bevoegdheden.........................................................................................................................136
8.7 verticaliteitsbeginsel...................................................................................................................................137
8.8 kaderbevoegdheden...................................................................................................................................137
8.9 beperkingen op bevoegdheidsrechtelijke autonomie.................................................................................138
8.10 bevoegdheden gemeenschappen.............................................................................................................138
8.11 bevoegdheden deelstaten.........................................................................................................................141
8.11.1 territoriale..........................................................................................................................................141
8.11.2 strafrechtelijke bevoegdheden..........................................................................................................141
8.11.3 belangenconflict.................................................................................................................................141
8.11.4 bevoegdheidsconflicten.....................................................................................................................143
9 rechtsbescherming tegen onrechtmatig overheidsoptreden.....................................................................143
9.1 raad van state – wetgeving........................................................................................................................143
9.1.1 toetsing wetten, decreten en ordonnanties aan de grondwet............................................................148
9.1.2 grondwettelijk hof................................................................................................................................149
9.1.3 beroep tot vernietiging........................................................................................................................151
9.1.4 prejudiciele vraag.................................................................................................................................152
9.2 raad van state – afdeling bestuursrechtspraak..........................................................................................152
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller mariedecloedt. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.53. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62890 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now