(Answered)Bootcamp - Fundamentals of Biology Test; updated Winter 2022. Bootcamp.com - Fundamentals of Biology
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Biology
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Biology
any substance that takes up space and has mass is called _____ - ANSWER- matter
what is matter is composed of? - ANSWER- elements
an ______ is a substance that has specific chemical and physical properties - ANSWER- element
an _____ is the smallest unit of matter that still retains all the chemi...
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(Answered)Bootcamp - Fundamentals of Biology Test;
updated Winter 2022. Bootcamp.com -
Fundamentals of Biology
any substance that takes up space and has mass is called _____ - ANSWER- matter
what is matter is composed of? - ANSWER- elements
an ______ is a substance that has specific chemical and physical properties - ANSWER- element
an _____ is the smallest unit of matter that still retains all the chemical properties of an element -
ANSWER- atom
can an atom break-down into something smaller, while still retaining the properties of the original
element? - ANSWER- no
molecules result whenever _____ atoms join together - ANSWER- 2 or more
what atoms does carbon tend to bond with in an organic molecule? - ANSWER- hydrogen; oxygen;
nitrogen
_____ are molecules that contain more than one element - ANSWER- compounds
(ex: H2O is a molecule/compound)
what are the strong attractive forces that hold atoms within a molecule? - ANSWER- intramolecular
forces
which type of force exists between molecules? - ANSWER- intermolecular forces
,which type of force is weaker... intra- or intermolecular? - ANSWER- intermolecular
which type of force (intra-/intermolecular) determines physical properties? - ANSWER- intermolecular
_____ are molecules that have the potential of bonding to other identical molecules through chemical
reactions - ANSWER- monomers
_____ is the process when monomers bond together, and it forms _____ - ANSWER- polymerization;
polymers
_____ are substances that have a large # of monomers bonded together - ANSWER- polymers
what are the 3 varieties of carbohydrates? - ANSWER- monosaccharides; disaccharides; polysaccharides
monosaccharides have a ratio of precisely _____ _____ per water molecule, and they have the empirical
formula _____ - ANSWER- 1 carbon; (CH2O)n
5 carbon monosaccharides are called _____ - ANSWER- pentoses
6 carbon monosaccharides are called _____ - ANSWER- hexoses
a sugar molecule is classified as an alpha sugar if the hydroxyl (OH) group points _____ on the first
carbon - ANSWER- down
a sugar molecule is classified as a beta sugar if the hydroxyl (OH) group points _____ on the first carbon -
ANSWER- up
ribose is a _____ sugar (monosaccharide) - ANSWER- pentose (five carbon)
glucose and fructose are _____ sugars (monosaccharides) - ANSWER- hexose (six carbon)
, glucose and fructose are _____ of each other - ANSWER- isomers
what type of carbohydrate results when 2 monosaccharide monomers bond/join together? – ANSWER-
disaccharide
monosaccharide monomers join together via what type of reaction? - ANSWER-
dehydration/condensation reactions
what functional group and atom combine in a dehydration/condensation reaction? - ANSWER- hydroxyl
(OH) + hydrogen (H)
what type of bond is formed and what is released in a dehydration/condensation reaction? - ANSWER-
covalent bond formation; release of H2O
what is the opposite of a condensation/dehydration reaction - why? - ANSWER- A hydrolysis reaction;
adds H2O to a covalent bond and splits monomers apart
what is the name of the bond that forms when a carbohydrate attaches to another molecule? -
ANSWER- glycosidic
carbohydrates linked to lipids are known as _____ - ANSWER- glycolipids
carbohydrates linked to proteins are known as _____ - ANSWER- glycoproteins
which disaccharide contains 1 glucose and 1 fructose? - ANSWER- sucrose (table sugar)
which disaccharide contains 1 galactose and 1 glucose? - ANSWER- lactose
which disaccharide contains 2 glucoses linked together? - ANSWER- maltose
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