Inhoud
Deel 1: het leergebied mens en maatschappij ................................................................................. 5
Wat? .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
De eindtermen, ontwikkelingsdoelen en leerplannen .............................................................................. 5
De domeinen ............................................................................................................................................. 5
domein mens ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Domein tijd ............................................................................................................................................ 5
domein maatschappij ............................................................................................................................ 6
domein ruimte ....................................................................................................................................... 6
de verticale leerlijn ‘mens en maatschappij’ ......................................................................................... 6
vakdidactiek Mens en maatschappij ......................................................................................................... 6
de inhoud is juist in woord en beeld ..................................................................................................... 6
de inhoud geeft een genuanceerd beeld .............................................................................................. 6
inhoud legt verbanden .......................................................................................................................... 7
Deel 2: domein tijd ........................................................................................................................... 7
Tijd: geschiedenis ...................................................................................................................................... 7
Wat is geschiedenis? ............................................................................................................................. 7
De bronnen ............................................................................................................................................ 7
Historisch referentiekader..................................................................................................................... 9
De oudste tijden ...................................................................................................................................... 10
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 10
wat voor prehistorie ............................................................................................................................ 10
de prehistorie: de periode van de jagers-voedselverzamelaars ......................................................... 10
Het ontstaan van de landbouwsamenleving ....................................................................................... 13
De metaaltijden ................................................................................................................................... 15
Klassieke oudheid (ca. 800 V.C. – ca. 500) .............................................................................................. 16
Griekse beschaving .............................................................................................................................. 16
Romeinse beschaving .......................................................................................................................... 21
De middeleeuwen ................................................................................................................................... 24
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 24
De franken ........................................................................................................................................... 24
Clovis ................................................................................................................................................... 24
1
, Karel de Grote ..................................................................................................................................... 25
Feodaliteit............................................................................................................................................ 26
Na Karel de Grote ................................................................................................................................ 27
Burchten .............................................................................................................................................. 27
De standenmaatschappij ..................................................................................................................... 27
2 groepen onvrije boeren binnen domaniaal stelsel........................................................................... 28
Landbouw in de middeleeuwen .......................................................................................................... 28
Middeleeuwse steden ......................................................................................................................... 29
De kerk................................................................................................................................................. 30
De nieuwe tijd ......................................................................................................................................... 30
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................... 30
Ontdekkingsreizen ............................................................................................................................... 30
De uitbreiding van de vorstelijke macht ............................................................................................. 33
De Reformatie & contrareformatie ..................................................................................................... 36
De bloei van de wetenschap ............................................................................................................... 36
De agrarische revolutie ....................................................................................................................... 37
De Franse revolutie ............................................................................................................................. 38
Nieuwste tijd ........................................................................................................................................... 39
Belgische onafhankelijkheid ................................................................................................................ 39
De eerste industriële revolutie ............................................................................................................ 40
De Belgische kolonisatie: Congo.......................................................................................................... 40
De eerste wereldoorlog ....................................................................................................................... 42
De tweede wereldoorlog ..................................................................................................................... 44
Vakdidactiek historische tijd ................................................................................................................... 45
De eindtermen ‘tijd’ ............................................................................................................................ 46
Enkele visies van ontwikkelings- en leerpsychologen op de ontwikkeling van het tijd- en historisch
besef.............................................................................................................................................. 46
Praktijksuggesties voor het aanleren van tijdsbegrippen ................................................................... 49
Het tijdsbegrip doorheen het lager onderwijs .................................................................................... 51
Geschiedenis en wereldoriëntatie ...................................................................................................... 52
Het verhaal in de geschiedenisles ....................................................................................................... 56
De leerwandeling................................................................................................................................. 57
De LVB ‘geschiedenis’ .......................................................................................................................... 58
Herinneringseducatie .......................................................................................................................... 58
Democratie en rechtstaat........................................................................................................................ 59
Macht .................................................................................................................................................. 59
2
, Democratie .......................................................................................................................................... 60
De drie machten .................................................................................................................................. 60
Verkiezingen ........................................................................................................................................ 61
Mensen- en kinderrechten ...................................................................................................................... 63
mensenrechten ................................................................................................................................... 63
Kinderrechten ...................................................................................................................................... 64
Instellingen .............................................................................................................................................. 66
Overzicht ............................................................................................................................................. 66
Gemeentelijk niveau............................................................................................................................ 67
Bevoegdheden van de gemeente ........................................................................................................ 67
Provinciaal niveau................................................................................................................................ 69
Gewestelijk en gemeenschappelijk niveau ......................................................................................... 71
Federaal niveau ................................................................................................................................... 73
Belangrijke opmerking......................................................................................................................... 76
De koning............................................................................................................................................. 76
Europees niveau .................................................................................................................................. 77
Ideologieën & politieke partijen .............................................................................................................. 79
Breuklijn............................................................................................................................................... 79
Ideologieën .......................................................................................................................................... 80
Politieke partijen ................................................................................................................................. 83
Belangrijke maatschappelijke factoren ................................................................................................... 86
Rechterlijke macht............................................................................................................................... 86
Vierde macht ....................................................................................................................................... 87
Middenveld.......................................................................................................................................... 87
Beeldvorming in en over de maatschappij .............................................................................................. 89
Kijken naar (andere) culturen.............................................................................................................. 89
Stereotypering en vooroordelen als basis voor beeldvorming ........................................................... 90
Wat als negatieve beelden cumuleren? .............................................................................................. 91
Ons beeld wordt gevormd door .......................................................................................................... 92
Invloed van beeldvorming op het maatschappelijk debat en op het beleid....................................... 92
Vakdidactiek: het gebruik van actualiteit in de klas ................................................................................ 92
Voorbeeldvragen ................................................................................................................................. 92
Wat is actualiteit/ nieuws.................................................................................................................... 93
Groeilijn nieuws- en informatiegeletterdheid..................................................................................... 93
Hard nieuws......................................................................................................................................... 94
Deel 4 – domein ruimte .................................................................................................................. 94
3
, Verkeers- en mobiliteitseducatie ............................................................................................................ 94
Waarom ............................................................................................................................................... 94
Wat is verkeers- en mobiliteitseducatie? ............................................................................................ 94
Doel van verkeers- en mobiliteitseducatie.......................................................................................... 94
Accentverschuiving.............................................................................................................................. 95
Grondprincipes van goede verkeers- en mobiliteitseducatie ............................................................. 95
Het kind in het verkeer ........................................................................................................................ 95
Aanpak van verkeerseducatie ............................................................................................................. 95
Relatie tussen mens en ruimte ................................................................................................................ 96
Wat vraagt het leerplan....................................................................................................................... 96
Soorten landschappen......................................................................................................................... 96
Relatie tussen het landschapsgebruik en de ruimte ........................................................................... 96
Relatie tussen ruimte en landbouwtype ............................................................................................. 96
4
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