Lesson 1-Ch 26
1. Describe the major goal for pediatric nursing (p. 689). · The major goal of pediatric nursing is to improve the quality of health care for children and their families.
· The health status of children in the United States has improved in several areas including increased immunization rates for all children, decreased adolescent birth
rate, and improved child health outcomes.
· Key examples of child health promotion themes essential for all age groups include promoting development, nutrition, and oral health.
*childhood health problems
2. List 5 childhood health problems and consider ways that pediatric nurses can alleviate negative impacts of the problems (pp. 690-694). · Several health problems facing children that are also major challenges for pediatric nurses include obesity/ type 2 diabetes, childhood injuries, violence, bullying, and mental health issues .
oObesity/ Type 2 Diabetes
oChildhood Injuries
· Injuries are the most common cause of death and disability to children in the United States. Suicide has surpassed MV As as the leading cause of injury mortality.
· The child’s developmental stage primarily determines the types of injuries that are most likely to occur at a specific age and helps provide clues to preventive measures.
oViolence oBullying oMental Health Issues
· 1 of 5 children has a mental health problem, and 1 out of 10 has a serious emotional problem that affects daily functioning.
The nurse is admitting a school-age child with the most common nutritional problem among children in The United States. The nurse knows that the child has the following:
a. Anemia. b.Bulimia.
c. Kawasaki’s disease. d. Obesity
Mortality and Morbidity
3. Identify two ways that knowledge of mortality and morbidity can improve child health (p. 694).
· Childhood morbidity encompasses acute illness, chronic disease, and disability.
· The chief illness of childhood is the common cold.
· Children who have increased morbidity are those who are homeless, living in poverty, LBW, chronically ill, foreign-born adopted, and spending time in day care centers.
Family Centered Care
· The philosophy of family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child’s life and that service systems and personnel must support, respect, and enhance the family’s strength and competence.
4. Utilize the key elements of family-centered care (p. 695). Role of the Pediatric Nurse
5. Describe five broad functions of the pediatric nurse in promoting the health of children (pp. 696-698).
· Atraumatic care is the provision of therapeutic care in settings, by personnel, and through the use of interventions that eliminate or minimize the psychologic and physical distress experienced by children and their families in the health care system.
· The pediatric nurse’s roles encompass a therapeutic relationship, family advocacy and caring, disease prevention and health promotion, health teaching, injury prevention, support and counseling, coordination and collaboration, ethical decision making, and research and evidence-based practice. Miscellaneous
· EBP is the collection, interpretation, and integration of valid, important, and applicable patient-reported, nurse-observed, and research-derived information.
· The process of nursing children and families includes accurate and comprehensive assessment , analysis and synthesis of assessment data to arrive at a nursing diagnosis, planning of care, implementation of the plan, and evaluation of interventions.(ADPIE)
· Documentation is essential for nursing evaluation.
· Because nurses are the principal caregivers within health care institutions , quality outcomes are used as a measure of the ability to provide excellence in patient care.
Lession 1-ch 27
1. Discuss definitions of family (p. 702).
· Because there is no agreement about the definition of family, a family is what an individual considers it to be.
· Newer concepts of family include communal families, single-parent families, and homosexual families. These family styles are often referred to as “household.”
· A family theory can be used to describe families and how the family unit responds to events both within and outside the family. Most nurses use a combination of theories in their work with children and families.
· The US Census Bureau defines family in the following ways: traditional nuclear family, nuclear family, blended family or household, and extended family or household.
· Each individual has a position, or status, in the family structure and plays culturally and socially defined roles in interactions with the family.
oFamily Nursing Interventions
Family Structure and Function 2. Compare and contrast various family structures (pp. 704-706). Family structure
oTraditional nuclear family
oNuclear family
oBlended family oExtended family oSingle parent family oBinuclear
oPolygamous
oCommunal
oLBGTQI families
Family Roles and Relationships Parental Roles Parenting · There are different philosophies in regard to parenting and each family approached discipline differently.
3. Compare and contrast the three various parenting styles (p. 707). Special Parenting Situations · Adoptive parents have fewer sources of support and preparation for the new addition to their family.
· Marital factors within the home significantly influence a child’s development. The impact of divorce on a child depends on the child’s age, the outcome, and the quality of the parent-child relationship and parental care following the divorce.
· Single parenting and step-parenting create adjustment difficulties and add stress to the already demanding parental role. Significant numbers of children will live in a single-parent or reconstituted family at some point.
4. Demonstrate an understanding of special parenting situations such as divorce and working mothers (pp. 710-712 & 714).
oImpact of Divorce on Children
oWorking Mothers
Sociocultural Influences Upon the Child and Family Influences in the Surrounding Environment Broader Sociocultural Influences Upon the Child and Family · Sociocultural influences upon the child and family include race, ethnicity, social class, poverty, religion, and mass media.
