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Oogheelkunde 3: Refractie en lens
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Samenvatting van HC3 van Oogheelkunde, blok D, jaar 2.
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Oogheelkunde3: Refractie en lens
Anatomie lens:
De lens groeit (naarmate men ouder wordt):
- Oogdruk neemt toe:
o Ruimte inname – oogdruk)
- De “lens paradox”:
o Lens wordt dikker, zwaarder en boller
o Maar sterkte verandert niet!
- Presbyopie:
o Ooglens wordt minder flexibel
o Verlies accommodatie
Fysiologie:
- Accommodatie:
o M. ciliaris + zonulae + lenskapsel + lensvezels
- Transparantie:
o Regelmatige rangschikking lensvezels
o Hoge eiwitconcentratie en afwezigheid van celorganellen
o Bescherming tegen oxidatieve stress door: zuurstofarme omgeving, gluthation en vit
c
, Oxidatieve schade:
- Door UV-licht
- Zorgt ervoor dat de accommodatie en de transparantie van het oog
minder wordt
- Zuurstof radicalen (O2-) en waterstofperoxide (H2O2) beschadigen weefsel
- Nauwelijks reparatie, dus is een beschermingsmechanisme vereist
- Bescherming:
o Lage zuurstofspanning (glycolyse = anaerobe verbranding)
o Gluthation (lensepitheel): vangen de zuurstof radicalen en
waterstofperoxide weg
o Ascorbinezuur = vit c (ciliair epitheel)
Cataract
Kenmerken:
- Verlies van transparantie
- Visusdaling en lichtverstrooiing (glare)
o Visuskaart en lichtstrooimeter
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