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Samenvatting management in social profit
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Een volledige samenvatting van het vak management in social profit binnen de opleiding Orthopedagogie aan de AP Hogeschool. Samengesteld met syllabus en powerpoints.
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MISP Samenvatting 21-22INHOUDSOPGAVE
Hoofdstuk 1: inleidende begrippen .................................................................................................................................. 12
1. Organisatie, bedrijf, onderneming .......................................................................................... 12
1.1. Organisatie .......................................................................................................................... 12
1.2. Indeling van organisaties .................................................................................................... 12
1.2.1. Organisaties ................................................................................................................. 12
1.2.2. Bedrijven ...................................................................................................................... 12
2. Management & managementproces ...................................................................................... 13
2.1. Management ....................................................................................................................... 13
2.2. Managementproces ............................................................................................................ 13
2.3. Management en leiding geven ............................................................................................ 14
3. Visie, missie en strategie......................................................................................................... 15
3.1. Visie ..................................................................................................................................... 15
3.2. De missie (opdrachtverklaring............................................................................................. 15
3.2.1. Begrip ........................................................................................................................... 15
3.2.2. Functies van een opdrachtverklaring ........................................................................... 15
3.3. De doelstellingen ................................................................................................................. 16
3.3.1. Doelstellingen............................................................................................................... 16
3.3.2. Doelen die motiveren ................................................................................................... 16
3.3.3. Soorten doelstellingen.................................................................................................. 17
3.3.3.1. Strategische doelen (algemene doelen of beleidsdoelen) ...................................... 17
3.3.3.2. Tactische doelen ..................................................................................................... 17
3.3.3.3. Operationele doelen ............................................................................................... 17
3.3.3.4. Actiepunten (wie – wat – waar) ............................................................................. 17
4. Strategische plannen .............................................................................................................. 18
5. Maatschappelijk netwerk ....................................................................................................... 18
6. Public relations ....................................................................................................................... 18
Hoofdstuk 2: maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen ................................................................................................ 19
1. Inleiding .................................................................................................................................. 19
2. Sociaal ondernemen ............................................................................................................... 20
2.1. Wat is sociaal ondernemen ................................................................................................. 20
2.2. Een snelle blik binnen enkele sectoren ................................................................................ 20
2.3. Gemeenschappelijke elementen van deze deelsectoren ..................................................... 20
2.4. Mogelijkheden tot concretisering van sociaal ondernemerschap ....................................... 21
Hoofdstuk 3: organisatiestructuren ................................................................................................................................. 21
1. Inleiding .................................................................................................................................. 21
1.1. Omschrijving van een organisatiestructuur ........................................................................ 21
1.2. Horizontale en verticale differentiatie................................................................................. 22
1.2.1. Verticale differentiatie ................................................................................................. 22
1.2.2. Horizontale differentiatie ............................................................................................. 22
2. Kenmerken van organisatiestructuren ................................................................................... 23
2.1. De hiërarchische lijn ............................................................................................................ 23
2.1.1. Eenheid van gezag ....................................................................................................... 23
1
, 2.1.2. Lijn vs. staffuncties ....................................................................................................... 23
2.2. Divisies................................................................................................................................. 24
2.3. Verbindingsmiddelen........................................................................................................... 25
2.4. Zelfsturing ........................................................................................................................... 26
3. Strategische overeenstemming .............................................................................................. 26
4. Juridische structuren .............................................................................................................. 27
4.1. Verschil tussen vennootschap, vereniging en stichting ....................................................... 27
4.2. De Vereniging zonder Winstoogmerk (VZW) ....................................................................... 27
4.2.1. Wat is een vzw? ........................................................................................................... 27
4.2.2. Vzw vs. feitelijke vereniging ......................................................................................... 27
4.2.3. Openbaarmakingsformaliteiten ................................................................................... 28
4.3. Coöperatieve vennootschappen (CV) .................................................................................. 29
4.4. De eenmanszaak ................................................................................................................. 29
4.5. Instellingen van openbaar nut............................................................................................. 30
4.6. Niet-gouvermentele organisaties (NGO’s) .......................................................................... 30
4.7. Openbare instellingen ......................................................................................................... 30
4.8. OCMW-verenigingen ........................................................................................................... 30
4.9. Tender of openbare aanbesteding ...................................................................................... 30
4.10. Publiek-Private Samenwerking (PPS) ............................................................................... 31
4.11. Organisatiestructuur binnen onderwijs ........................................................................... 32
Hoofdstuk 4: financies in de non-profit sector .................................................................................................................. 32
1. Werkingsmiddelen .................................................................................................................. 32
1.1. Dienstverlening.................................................................................................................... 32
1.2. Fondsenwerving .................................................................................................................. 32
1.2.1. Fondswervingprogramma’s ......................................................................................... 33
1.2.2. Mecenaat ..................................................................................................................... 34
1.2.3. Fondswervingsactiviteiten in de ruime zin ................................................................... 34
1.3. Subsidiëring ......................................................................................................................... 34
1.4. Sponsoring ........................................................................................................................... 35
1.4.1. Waarom geeft de sponsor............................................................................................ 35
1.4.2. Het sponsoringsdossier ................................................................................................ 35
1.4.2.1. Voorstelling van de organisatie .............................................................................. 36
1.4.2.2. Beschrijving van het project ................................................................................... 36
1.4.2.3. Publiciteit ................................................................................................................ 36
1.4.2.4. Budget .................................................................................................................... 36
1.4.2.5. Voorstel .................................................................................................................. 36
1.4.2.6. Contract .................................................................................................................. 36
1.4.2.7. Bijlagen ................................................................................................................... 36
1.5. Crowdfunding ...................................................................................................................... 37
1.6. Kredieten ............................................................................................................................. 37
2. Financieel beheer.................................................................................................................... 38
2.1. Planning .............................................................................................................................. 38
2.1.1. Begroting ..................................................................................................................... 38
2.1.2. Budgetteren ................................................................................................................. 38
2.2. Verslaggeving ...................................................................................................................... 41
2
, 2.2.1. De jaarrekening ............................................................................................................ 42
2.2.2. De balans ..................................................................................................................... 42
2.2.3. De ratio’s ...................................................................................................................... 44
2.2.4. Oefeningen en vragen .................................................................................................. 45
Hoofdstuk 5: organisatiecultuur ...................................................................................................................................... 45
1. Omschrijving ........................................................................................................................... 45
1.1.Primaire kenmerken van de organisatiecultuur .................................................................. 45
1.2.Hebben alle organisaties een dergelijke gemeenschappelijke cultuur ................................ 46
1.3.Sterke en zwakke culturen ................................................................................................... 46
1.4.Soorten organisatieculturen ................................................................................................ 46
1.5.Neurotische organisaties ..................................................................................................... 47
2. De functie van organisatiecultuur........................................................................................... 47
3. Uitingen .................................................................................................................................. 47
3.1. Symbolen ............................................................................................................................. 48
3.2. Helden en verhalen.............................................................................................................. 48
3.3. Rituelen ............................................................................................................................... 48
3.4. Taal...................................................................................................................................... 48
3.5. Waarden en opvattingen .................................................................................................... 48
4. Cultuur veranderen................................................................................................................. 48
Hoofdstuk 6: verandermanagement ................................................................................................................................ 49
1. Inleiding .................................................................................................................................. 49
2. Het veranderproces ................................................................................................................ 49
2.1. Ontdooien............................................................................................................................ 49
2.2. Veranderen .......................................................................................................................... 50
2.3. Bevriezen ............................................................................................................................. 50
3. Kotter: vaardigheden voor het doorvoeren van geplande veranderingen ............................. 50
4. Verbindend veranderen (Van den Nieuwenhof) .................................................................... 51
5. Appreciative Inquiry, een oplossingsgerichte verandermethodiek ........................................ 53
6. Omgaan met weerstand ......................................................................................................... 54
6.1. Oorzaken van weerstand..................................................................................................... 55
6.2. Krachtenveldanalyse ........................................................................................................... 55
6.3. Strategieën om weerstand te overwinnen .......................................................................... 56
6.4. Fasen in reacties op verandering: van rouwtaken naar bouwtaken ................................... 56
6.4.1. Ontkenning à bewustmaken ...................................................................................... 57
6.4.2. Ergernis en woede à pijn (h)erkennen en toekomstdiscussie mogelijk maken ........... 57
6.4.3. Onderhandelen à duidelijk scheppen en medeverantwoordelijk maken .................... 57
6.4.4. Depressie à onomkeerbaar maken ............................................................................. 57
6.4.5. Berusting à ondersteunen .......................................................................................... 57
6.4.6. Aanvaarding à bekrachtigen ...................................................................................... 57
Hoofdstuk 7: kwaliteitsmanagement ............................................................................................................................... 58
1. Inleiding .................................................................................................................................. 58
2. Wat is kwaliteit? ..................................................................................................................... 59
2.1. Kwaliteit is een vaag begrip ................................................................................................ 59
2.2. Kwaliteit in de hulpverlening ............................................................................................... 59
2.2.1. Kwaliteit van leven ....................................................................................................... 59
3
, 2.2.2. Kwaliteit als basishouding............................................................................................ 60
3. Integrale Kwaliteitszorg (IKZ) .................................................................................................. 60
4. Het ontwikkelen van kwaliteitszorg ........................................................................................ 61
4.1. Algemeen ............................................................................................................................ 61
4.2. De Deming-cirkel ................................................................................................................. 62
4.2.1. Plannen (Plan) .............................................................................................................. 62
4.2.2. Uitvoeren (Do) .............................................................................................................. 62
4.2.3. Evalueren (Check) ......................................................................................................... 62
4.2.4. Bijsturen (Act)............................................................................................................... 62
4.3. Kwaliteitsmodellen .............................................................................................................. 62
4.3.1. Het ISO-systeem: commercieel systeem....................................................................... 63
4.3.2. Het EFQM-model (European Foundation for Quality Management model): Europees
model 63
4.3.3. Balanced score card ..................................................................................................... 64
4.4. Technieken .......................................................................................................................... 65
4.4.1. Kwaliteitsmetingen ...................................................................................................... 65
4.4.2. De sterkte – zwakte analyse / kritische succesfactoren ............................................... 65
4.4.2.1. SWOT ...................................................................................................................... 65
4.4.2.2. De kritische succesfactoren (KSF) ........................................................................... 66
4.4.2.3. Van SWOT naar SOAR............................................................................................. 66
4.4.3. Benchmarking en benchlearning.................................................................................. 67
4.4.3.1. Beschrijving ............................................................................................................ 67
4.4.3.2. Typen ...................................................................................................................... 67
4.4.3.3. Voordelen en valkuilen ........................................................................................... 68
4.4.4. Procesanalyse............................................................................................................... 68
4.4.4.1. Definitie .................................................................................................................. 68
4.4.4.2. De flowchart (processchema) ................................................................................. 69
4.4.5. Verbeterprojecten en verbeterteams ........................................................................... 69
4.4.5.1. Wat? ....................................................................................................................... 69
4.4.5.2. Wanneer? ............................................................................................................... 69
4.4.5.3. Werkwijze ............................................................................................................... 69
4.4.5.4. Verdiensten............................................................................................................. 70
4.4.6. Klachtenmanagement .................................................................................................. 70
4.4.7. Focusgroepen ............................................................................................................... 70
5. Kwaliteitsdecreet .................................................................................................................... 70
5.1. Regelgeving ......................................................................................................................... 70
5.1.1. Vereisten qua vorm ...................................................................................................... 71
5.1.1.1. Kwaliteitsmanagementsysteem ............................................................................. 71
5.1.1.2. Zelfevaluatie ........................................................................................................... 71
5.1.1.3. Kwaliteitshandboek ................................................................................................ 72
5.1.2. Vereisten qua inhouden ............................................................................................... 72
5.1.3. Toezicht ........................................................................................................................ 73
6. Mogelijkheden en valkuilen .................................................................................................... 73
Hoofdstuk 8: tewerkstelling in de zorg ............................................................................................................................. 73
1. Sociale wetgeving: een afbakening ......................................................................................... 73
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