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scheikunde samenvatting hoofdstuk 3 havo4

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  • June 1, 2022
  • 2
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
  • Secondary school
  • 4
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scheikunde
hoofdstuk 3

Paragraaf 3.1
Metalen
- Eigenschappen metalen:
o Geleiden warmte/stroom
o Glanzend oppervlak
o Buigzaam/vervormbaar bij verhitting
o Hoog smeltpunt
- Elk metaal heeft eigen stofeigenschappen
o Bijv. dichtheid vanaluminium is lager dan ijzer
 Aluminium wordt hierom gebruikt bij vliegtuigen en ijzer niet

Edelmetalen
- Worden niet aangetast door water en zuurstof (bijv. Goud, platina en zilver)

Onedele metalen
- Reageren met water en zuurstof (bijv. Kalium en natrium)

Corrosie
- Aantasting door stoffen in de lucht (bijv. Roest = ijzer+lucht+water)

legeringen
- Mengsel van metalen(ook wel alliage)
- Worden in de vloeibare fase gemengd
- Voordeel -> harder en/of beter bestand tegen milieu

Paragraaf 3.2
Vanderwaalsbindingen
- Binding tussen molecule in een moleculaire stof worden in de vaste en vloeibare fase door aantrekkende
Krachten bijeengehouden
- In gasfasen worden de vanderwaalsbindingen verbroken

Covalentie en atoomrooster
- Covalentie -> aantal atoombindingen dat een atoom kan vormen, atoombinding = covalente binding
- Atoomrooster -> network van atomen verbonden door atoombindingen

Paragraaf 3.3
Elektronegativiteit (BiNaS 40A)
- Metalen -> nvt
- Moleculaire stoffen
o Zuivere atoombinding ->∆EN = 0 apolaire binding
o Normale atoombinding -> ∆EN = 0-1,4
o Polaire atoombinding -> ∆EN=1,4-1,6
- Zouten -> ∆EN > 1,6
Molecuulmassa & kookpunt

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