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microbiologie - samenvatting (les + boek) hfst 2: metabolisme en genetica van bacterien
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microbiologie - prof. Van Eldere Schematische samenvatting (les +boek): hfst 2: metabolisme en genetica van bacterien
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Hoofdstuk 2:METABOLISME &
GENETICA
, 1. METABOLISME VAN BACTERIEN
1.1 VOEDINGSVEREISTEN
Wisselende omgeving
Synthese van cellulaire bestanddelen
o Oorsprong bouwstenen?
Eigen synthese
Opname uit omgeving
AUTOTROFE BACTERIEN
H2O, CO2 & mineralen -> licht/chemische energie -> organische stoffen + energie
= fotosynthetische/chemosynthetische bacterien
HETEROTROFE BACTERIEN
Voorgevormde organische stoffen nodig
Voedingsbehoeften sterk afhankelijk van bacterie
o Enkel zeer eenvoudige organische bestanddelen nodig
Bv Pseudomonas
Voorkomend in omgeving die arm zijn aan voedingsstoffen (waterplassen)
Indien suikers, AZ, vitaminen in bodem = opgenomen ipv eigen synthese
o Complexere organische bestanddelen nodig
o Extreem: voedingsvereisten > voeding in menstelijk lichaam
Bv stafylokokken en streptokokken
Parasitaire species
In labo = rijke of arme voedingsbodems = weerspiegeling omgeving bacterie
o Arme voedingsbodem = enkel wat suikers en minderalen
o Rijke voedingsbodem = extracten van dierlijke weefsels of bloed
Opm: In deze groep vallen alle pathogene bacterien
1.2 KATABOLISME
= afbraak organische substraten -> bruikbare energievorm
Oxido-reductiereacties: H-atomen van H-donor -> H-acceptor
o H-donor = koolhydraten, lipiden, proteinen
o H-acceptor = organisch of anorganisch molecule
Vrijgekomen energie = opslag ovv ATP of NADH
3 soorten katabolisme
o Respiratie
o Anaerobe Respiratie
o Fermentatie
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