1.1 Re hlalosetše ka botlalo tema ye e kgathwago ke maswafo, mogolo le legano kwagatšong
ya medumopolelo ya Sesotho sa Leboa. Tlhalošo ya gago e thekgwe ka mehlala ya meleba.
maswafo
Maswafo a šireleditšwe ke dikgopo (phago ya dikgopo). Digobagare tša dikgopo le tšona di
bohlokwa ka gobane ge di hunyela di thuša go godiša phago ya sehuba ka ge maswafo a se na
digoba tša go a thuša go nolofatša khemo. Ge phago ya sehuba e godišwa ka go hunyela ga
digoba, go ba le sekgoba se sentši ka maswafong ka fao kgatelelo ya moya ka maswafong e a
fokotšega ka ge go na le sekgoba se sentši sa go dira gore moya o šutašute. Sekgoba se sentši ka
maswafong se tiiša phokotšego ya kgatelelo ya moya ka fao moya wo o tšwago ka ntle o kitimela
ka phagong go dira gore kgatelelo ya moya wa sebakeng (atmosfere) e lekane le kgatelelo ya
moya wo o lego ka phagong ya sehuba. Ge se se direga re re motho o gogela moya teng. Ga go
na medumopolelo ye e bopšago ka go gogela moya teng Sesothong sa Leboa. Ge re bolela re
ntšhetša moya ka ntle gomme gore se se direge digoba tšela tša go godiša phago ya sehuba di a
nyefa. Ka fao phago ye ya sehuba e a nyenyefala mola kgatelelo ya moya yona e gola, se se
gapeletša moya go tšwela ka ntle e le go leka go lekanya kgatelelo ya moya wa ka maswafong le
kgatelelo ya moya wa sebakeng (k.g.r. moya wo o re dukologilego) wo o lego fasana.
mogolo
Farinkisi e hwetšwa ka godimo ga pokisintšu. Ge o sepetša ntlha ya leleme la gago go feta
magalagapeng o tla kwa kua morago ga ona go le boletiana. Lefelo le re le bitša magalagapa a
moseo goba magalagapana goba belamo. Kua mafelelong a magalaga- pana re hwetša
tengwana. Ge re kwagatša medumo moelamoya o ka tsena ka leganong goba ka dinkong. Gore
modumo ke wa legano goba wa dinko go laolwa ke boemo bja magalagapana le tengwana. Ge
magalagapana le tengwana di kgotlile leboto la morago la farinkisi gona moelamoya o tsena ka
ganong ka gore tsela ya go ya nkong e thibilwe; gomme medumo ye e kwagatšwago bjalo re re
, ke ya legano. Medumo ye mentši ya Sesotho sa Leboa ke ya legano.
Mehlala: t, s, b, š
Ge magalagapana le tengwana di lekeletše, di se tša kgoma leboto la morago la farinkisi gona
moelamoya o tsena ka dinkong – ke ka fao ditumanko di kwagatšwago ka gona.
Mehlala: m, n, ny, ng
legano
Ela hloko go sepela ga leleme la gago ge o kwagatša medumo ye e latelago:
(1) t le s
(2) š le tš
(3) ny le y
(4) k le g
(5) b le f
Batsebi ba fonetiki ba kgona go hlaloša medumo ka ntle le thušo ya pukukgakollo (mošupatsela)
go ya ka fao e bopilwego ka gona. Thutantšho ye le e fiwago mo thutong ye, e tla le thuša go
bona phapano gare ga medumopolelo ya go fapana. Dithutišo ka moka tša ka godimo (1-5) di le
dirile gore le šomiše dithopolelo goba dikarolo tša tšona tša go fapana go bopa medumopolelo
ya go fapana. Dithutišo tše di le lemošitše gore dithopolelo tše dingwe di a šuta mola tše dingwe
di sa šute ge go kwagatšwa medumo- polelo ya go fapana.
1.2 Re hlalosetše phapano gare ga mongwalo wa tlwaelo le mongwalo wa sefonetiki. Re fe
mehlala ya maleba, o be o hlalose gore ke ka lebaka la eng re na le mehuta ye ye mebedi ya
mongwalo.
mongwalo wa sefonetiki.
Setsebi sa thutamedumo (fonetiki) se swanetše go bona phapano gare ga medumo ye mengwe
le ye mengwe ye mebedi go tšwa polelong ye nngwe le ye nngwe. Sa pele phapano gare ga
medumo ke gore e a kwewa gomme ka nako e gatišwa mo go segatišamantšu. Fela ge motho a
swanetše go ngwala pego, go nyakega tebanyo yeo e tla dirago gore batho bao ba nago le tsebo
ge ba bala pego yeo ba kgone go lemoga gore modumo wo mongwe le wo mongwe o duma
goba o kwagala bjang. Mo thutong ye le tlo laetšwa gore go na le dintlha tše itšeng tša kwagatšo
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