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Samenvatting natuurkunde (nova) H1 Elektriciteit - vwo 3
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Samenvatting natuurkunde (nova) H1 Elektriciteit - vwo 3
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1.1Elektriciteitscentrale werkt energie op.
Werking elektriciteitscentrale:
1. Grote branders verbranden aardgas, steenkol of andere brandstof
2. Met vrijkomende warmte wordt water in ketel verhit
3. Hete waterdampen ontstaan
4. Stoom spuit met grote snelheid tegen schoepen van turbine
5. Daardoor gat as van turbine ronddraaien
6. Generator, die aan as gekoppeld is, wekt elektrische energie op
7. Afgewerkte stoom wordt naar condensor geleid
8. In condensor wordt stoom afgekoeld b.m.v. koelwater, zodat hij condenseert tot vloeibaar
water
9. Water wordt teruggepompt naar ketel
10. Cyclus begint opnieuw
Koelwater wordt uit meer of rivier gehaald en na gebruik teruggepompt. Als water te warm is op
terug te pompen moet het in koeltoren afkomen.
Werking spoel:
- Magneet in spoel schuiven: spanningsmeter naar rechts
- Magneet in spoel liggen zonder beweging: spanningsmeter op 0V
- Magneet uit spoel getrokken: spanningsmeter naar links
Als je spoel heen en weer beweegt, verandert spanning mee: er ontstaan wisselspanning/
inductiespanning.
Weekijzer magnetiseert en demagnetiseert snel. Veldlijnen geven richting van magneetveld
(gebied waar magneet krachten uitoefent) aan.
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