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Samenvatting zelfzorg
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Samenvatting van standaarden voor zelfzorg
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InhoudTractus Digestivus.................................................................................................................................... 3
1) Aambeien .................................................................................................................................... 3
2) Diarree ......................................................................................................................................... 4
3) Obstipatie .................................................................................................................................... 5
4) Maagklachten .............................................................................................................................. 6
5) Reisziekte ..................................................................................................................................... 7
6) Wormen....................................................................................................................................... 8
Tractus Feminin ....................................................................................................................................... 9
7) Menstruatiepijn ........................................................................................................................... 9
8) Noodanticonceptie .................................................................................................................... 10
9) Vaginale Schimmelinfectie ........................................................................................................ 11
10) Vitamine D ............................................................................................................................. 12
Pijn ......................................................................................................................................................... 13
11) Hoofdpijn ............................................................................................................................... 13
12) Spier-/Gewrichtspijn & Kneuzing .......................................................................................... 14
13) Kinderziektes ......................................................................................................................... 15
14) UA middelen .......................................................................................................................... 16
Huid ....................................................................................................................................................... 17
15) Voetschimmel ........................................................................................................................ 17
16) Acne ....................................................................................................................................... 18
17) Wratten ................................................................................................................................. 19
18) Koortslip ................................................................................................................................ 20
19) Hoofdroos .............................................................................................................................. 21
20) Hoofdluis ............................................................................................................................... 22
21) Wonden ................................................................................................................................. 23
22) Eikenprocessierups ................................................................................................................ 24
Tractus Respiratorius............................................................................................................................. 25
23) Allergische Rinitis .................................................................................................................. 25
24) Verkoudheid en Griep ........................................................................................................... 26
25) Hoest ..................................................................................................................................... 27
26) Stoppen met Roken ............................................................................................................... 28
1
,Functionele klachten: oorzaak niet echt bekend
WWHAM → Wie / Wat, Hoe lang, Actie?, Medicijnen
Stappenplan bij baliegesprek:
1. Uitvragen: WHAM
2. Niet-medicamenteus advies
3. Medicamenteus advies
4. Aangeven wanneer naar de huisarts
2
, Tractus Digestivus
1) Aambeien
Oorzaak: overrekking van arterioveneuze zwellichamen + verscheuring/uitzakking van steunweefsel
→ Obstipatie (persen/harde ontlasting), langdurig toiletbezoek/uitstel gedrag, leeftijd ↑,
zwangerschap, hoesten
4 stadia:
1. Alleen bij proctoscopie zichtbare hemorroïden, geen prolaps
2. Prolaps bij persen met spontane repositie
3. Spontane prolaps met mogelijkheid digitaal te reponeren (zelf terugdrukken)
4. Prolaps zonder mogelijkheid digitaal te reponeren
Klachten: bloed (helderrood, enkele druppels), soms pijn bij ontlasting/tussendoor, irritatie/jeuk
Differentiaal diagnose (HA):
∙ Fissuren (jonge/middelbare leeftijd, scheurtje slijmvliesbekleding, scherpe pijn)
∙ Anale fistels (zelden, ontsteking anale klier)
∙ Poliepen/diverticulose (=uitstulpingen)
Aambeien
W Leeftijd (ouderen > 55 jaar)
Zwangerschap
H Eerste keer?
Waar? (in- of uitwendig)
Beschrijving klachten
❗ Jeuk bij kinderen
A Dieet/leefgewoontes/middelen
M Bijwerking verstopping → opiaten, TCA’s (anti-cholinerge werking), antipsychotica, ijzer,
diuretica (minder vocht), aluminiumzouten
Wanneer huisarts:
→ Klachten >2 weken
→ ❗ Bloed slijm vermengd met ontlasting
→ Uitpuilende aambei (graad 4)
→ Ernstige pijn
→ Plotselinge verandering stoelgang
Niet-medicamenteus Medicamenteus
∙ Zachte ontlasting ∙ Indifferente middelen bij jeuk/pijn tijdens
Vezelrijke voeding ontlasting
Water drinken (2x daags en na elke stoelgang aanbrengen)
Ontbijten 1. Vaseline-cetomacrogol crème (verlicht
Lichaamsbeweging symptomen, beschermend laagje)
∙ Niet te lang op toilet zitten Zinksulfaat-vaseline crème
∙ Bij aandrang naar toilet gaan 2. Zinkoxide zetpil (2e keuze)
∙ Warm bad ∙ Voortdurend pijn/jeuk: anesthetica
∙ Geen kunststof ondergoed 1. Lidocaïne-vaseline crème/zinksulfaat
2. Zetpil (lidocaïne/zinkoxide/bismuth) – in
endeldarm, prettig gevoel
∙ Overig: Sperti, Theranal, Hemoclin
3
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