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Social Studies notes for government
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Some basic notes on the levels of the justice system and some notes on the aboriginal justice system too
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Rule of law: Principle where everyone is treated equally under the rule of law which means no one cando something just because they are rich or “more important.”
Civil trial deals with private rights like contracts, relationships, and property.
Criminal laws deal with things such as arson, murder, theft and are responsible for protecting the normal
everyday public.
Burden of proof: Duty to prove to prove an argued case and rests on plaintiff for civil case and the crown
for criminal case. For a civil case the plaintiff only needs to prove that the defendant was found guilty.
For a criminal case government must prove that the defendant was 100% guilty beyond a good doubt.
Defendant: A person who harmed the Plaintiff or someone who disturbed peace in the society. They are
innocent until proven guilty.
Plaintiff: The person who was harmed by the Defendant and brings the case to court.
Who is compensated in a civil case?
The defendant because they must repay that they supposedly did to the Plaintiff.
Who is compensated in a criminal case?
Defendant because they had to pay the price for harming the public.
5 parts of the Justice System:
Government: Make laws and make punishments for violators.
Citizens: Obey laws and serve as jurors
Courts: Interpret the law and decide a punishment for violators.
Police: Enforce law and keep crime form happening.
Prisons: Carry punishments form the courts. Rehabilitate the violators.
YCTA: Young Criminal Justice act applies to individuals 12-17
Young people are sometimes not arrested and could be taken into rehab but if the crime is serious
enough, they can be arrested.
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