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Samenvatting klinische psychologie + focusliteratuur
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De gehele samenvatting van alle hoofdstukken van klinische psychologie die tentamenstof zijn én de focusliteratuur over de diagnostische cyclus.
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By: indyborgers • 1 year ago
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Klinische psychologieInhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1 Over klinische psychologie en ‘abnormaal’ gedrag...............................................4
1.1 Het terrein van de klinische psychologie..........................................................................5
1.2 Aspecten van ‘abnormaal’ gedrag.....................................................................................5
1.3 Normaal en abnormaal: waar ligt de grens?......................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 2 Neurobiologische benaderingen van psychopathologie.........................................8
2.1 Een historische schets.......................................................................................................8
2.2 Psychopathologie: een genetisch perspectief....................................................................9
2.3 Psychopathologie: een cognitief-neurowetenschappelijk perspectief.............................10
2.4 Emotieregulatie...............................................................................................................10
2.5 Comorbiditeit van externaliserende en internaliserende stoornissen..............................11
Hoofdstuk 3 Leertheoretische benaderingen van psychopathologie.........................................11
3.1 Thorndike en Pavlov: (niet) als kat en hond...................................................................11
3.2 Leren: het wat en het hoe................................................................................................12
3.3 Etiologie van psychopathologie......................................................................................12
3.4 Psychotherapie als leerproces.........................................................................................14
Hoofdstuk 4 Cognitieve benaderingen van psychopathologie..................................................15
4.1 Cognitief-psychologische opvattingen............................................................................15
4.2 Algemene cognitieve psychologie..................................................................................16
4.3 De inhoud van schema’s bij verschillende vormen van psychopathologie.....................17
4.4 Kenmerkende processen bij verschillende vormen van neurotische psychopathologie. 17
4.5 Cognitieve therapie.........................................................................................................18
Hoofdstuk 5 Psychoanalytische benaderingen van psychopathologie......................................19
5.1 Onbewust........................................................................................................................19
5.2 Overdracht en tegenoverdracht.......................................................................................20
5.3 De driftpsychologie.........................................................................................................20
5.4 De egopsychologie..........................................................................................................21
5.5 De objectrelatiepsychologie............................................................................................21
5.6 De zelfpsychologie..........................................................................................................23
5.7 De gehechtheidspsychologie...........................................................................................23
5.8 Pathologie, behandelvorm en werkzaamheid..................................................................24
Hoofdstuk 6 Humanistische benaderingen van psychopathologie............................................25
6.1 Kenmerken van de humanistische theorieën...................................................................25
6.2 Therapeutische uitgangspunten van Rogers....................................................................26
6.3 Ontwikkelingen na Rogers..............................................................................................27
6.4 Emotiegerichte therapie..................................................................................................27
6.5 De behoeftepiramide van Abraham Maslow...................................................................27
Hoofdstuk 7 Systeembenaderingen van psychopathologie.......................................................28
7.1 Systeembenadering.........................................................................................................28
, 7.2 De algemene systeemtheorie: enkele basisbegrippen.....................................................28
7.3 De communicatie-theoretische benadering.....................................................................29
7.4 De structurele benadering...............................................................................................30
7.5 Integratieve benaderingen...............................................................................................31
7.6 Ontwikkelingen in theorie, praktijk en onderzoek..........................................................32
Hoofdstuk 8 Het nut van theorie...............................................................................................33
8.1 Het achterhalen van de waarheid....................................................................................33
8.2 Spiegelen aan de natuurwetenschappen..........................................................................34
8.3 Een eigen dynamiek voor de psychologie.......................................................................34
8.4 Theorie in de praktijk......................................................................................................35
Hoofdstuk 9 Classificatie..........................................................................................................36
9.1 Wat is classificeren?........................................................................................................36
9.2 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5)..............................38
9.3 International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10)..........................................................40
Hoofdstuk 10 Klinisch psychologische diagnostiek.................................................................41
10.1 Diagnostische methoden...............................................................................................41
10.2 Interpreteren en rapporteren..........................................................................................43
Hoofdstuk 12 Depressieve en bipolaire stemmingsstoornissen................................................44
12.1 De DSM-5-classificatie van stemmingsstoornissen......................................................44
12.2 Depressieve stemmingsstoornissen...............................................................................45
12.3 Bipolaire stemmingsstoornissen...................................................................................45
12.4 Restcategorieën en nadere omschrijvingen van stemmingsstoornissen........................46
12.5 Assessment....................................................................................................................47
12.6 Epidemiologie en comorbiditeit....................................................................................47
12.7 Theoretische visies op depressieve stoornissen en manie.............................................47
12.8 Behandeling..................................................................................................................49
Hoofdstuk 13 Angststoornissen................................................................................................52
13.1 Angst.............................................................................................................................52
13.2 Angststoornissen...........................................................................................................52
13.3 Prevalentie, incidentie en comorbiditeit........................................................................53
13.4 Etiologie........................................................................................................................53
13.5 Beloop...........................................................................................................................54
13.6 Taxatie van angst..........................................................................................................54
13.7 Behandeling..................................................................................................................55
Hoofdstuk 14 Middelgebonden stoornissen en verslaving.......................................................58
14.1 Klinisch beeld en diagnose............................................................................................58
14.2 Prevalentie.....................................................................................................................60
14.3 Historisch perspectief....................................................................................................60
14.4 Theoretische modellen..................................................................................................60
14.5 Behandelmogelijkheden................................................................................................63
Hoofdstuk 15 Somatisch-symptoomstoornis en verwante stoornissen.....................................64
15.1 Beschrijving..................................................................................................................64
15.2 Prevalentie.....................................................................................................................65
15.3 Beloop...........................................................................................................................65
15.4 Verklaringsmodellen.....................................................................................................65
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, 15.5 Diagnostiek...................................................................................................................66
15.6 Behandeling..................................................................................................................66
Hoofdstuk 17 Eetstoornissen....................................................................................................69
17.1 Anorexia nervosa..........................................................................................................69
17.2 Boulimia nervosa..........................................................................................................69
17.3 Eetbuistoornis................................................................................................................70
17.4 Overige eet- en voedingsstoornissen.............................................................................70
17.5 Differentiële diagnostiek en comorbiditeit....................................................................70
17.6 Epidemiologie en verloop.............................................................................................70
17.7 Theorieën over de etiologie van eetstoornissen............................................................71
17.8 Behandeling..................................................................................................................72
Hoofdstuk 19 Genderdysforie, parafiele stoornissen en seksuele disfuncties..........................74
19.1 Een psychiatrische visie op seksuele stoornissen..........................................................74
19.2 Genderdysforie..............................................................................................................74
19.3 Parafiele stoornissen.....................................................................................................76
19.4 Seksuele disfuncties......................................................................................................78
Hoofdstuk 20 Schizofreniespectrum- en andere psychotische stoornissen...............................81
20.1 Klinisch beeld...............................................................................................................81
20.2 Stoornis of continuüm in de bevolking?.......................................................................82
20.3 Het neuropsychische model van psychose....................................................................83
20.4 Wanneer welke diagnostiek?.........................................................................................84
20.5 Interventies....................................................................................................................85
20.6 Herstel en rehabilitatie..................................................................................................86
Hoofdstuk 21 Trauma- en stressor-gerelateerde stoornissen....................................................87
21.1 Posttraumatische-stressstoornis (PTSS)........................................................................87
21.2 Acute-stressstoornis......................................................................................................88
21.3 Aanpassingsstoornis......................................................................................................88
21.4 Epidemiologie en risicofactoren...................................................................................88
21.5 Theorieën over het ontstaan en voortbestaan van verwerkingsstoornissen..................89
21.6 Behandeling..................................................................................................................90
Hoofdstuk 22 Dissociatieve stoornissen...................................................................................91
22.1 Historisch perspectief....................................................................................................91
22.2 Prevalentie van dispositie tot dissociatie.......................................................................91
22.3 Prevalentie van dissociatie stoornissen in strikte zin....................................................91
22.4 Depersonalisatie-/derealisatiestoornis...........................................................................92
22.5 Dissociatieve amnesie...................................................................................................92
22.6 Dissociatieve-identiteitsstoornis (DIS).........................................................................93
22.7 Overige specifieke dissociatieve stoornissen................................................................94
22.8 State of the art...............................................................................................................94
Hoofdstuk 24 Obsessieve-compulsieve en verwante stoornissen.............................................94
24.1 Obsessieve-compulsieve stoornis..................................................................................95
24.2 Verzamelstoornis (Hoarding Disorder)........................................................................95
24.3 Morfodysfore stoornis (Body Dysmorphic Disorder, BDD)........................................96
24.4 Trichotillomanie en excoriatiestoornis..........................................................................97
Hoofdstuk 25 Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen...............................................................................97
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, 25.1 Beschrijving klinisch beeld...........................................................................................98
25.2 Historisch perspectief..................................................................................................100
25.3 Etiologie......................................................................................................................100
25.4 Prevalentie...................................................................................................................101
25.5 Diagnostische methoden.............................................................................................101
25.6 Interventie/behandelingsmogelijkheden en -effecten.................................................102
Focusliteratuur – Diagnostische cyclus...................................................................................102
Hoofdstuk 1 Over klinische
psychologie en ‘abnormaal’
gedrag
Volgens Duijker moet er onderscheid worden gemaakt tussen basisdisciplines en
toepassingsgerichte disciplines binnen de psychologie. Er bestaan vijf basisdisciplines en drie
toepassingsgerichte disciplines.
Basisdisciplines
Toepassingsgerichte disciplines
Functieleer
Ontwikkelingspsychologie
Sociale psychologie
Persoonlijkheidspsychologie
Methodenleer
Klinische en gezondheidspsychologie
Arbeids- en organisatiepsychologie
Onderwijspsychologie
4
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