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Samenvatting Administratief recht
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Samenvatting Administratief recht, Sofie van Waeyenberghe
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INHOUDSTABEL1. Inleiding..................................................................................................................................................... 5
2. Afbakening................................................................................................................................................ 5
2.1. Administratief recht.......................................................................................................................................5
2.2. Uitzonderingsrecht........................................................................................................................................6
2.3. Uitvoerbare adm beslissingen.......................................................................................................................7
2.4. Administratieve sancties................................................................................................................................9
2.5. Eisen voor bestuurshandelen.......................................................................................................................11
3. Bronnen................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1. Rechtregels..................................................................................................................................................13
3.1.1. Pseudowetgeving.................................................................................................................................14
4. Algemene beginselen van Behoorlijk Bestuur........................................................................................... 15
4.1. Inleiding.......................................................................................................................................................15
4.2. Hoorplicht & rechten van verdediging.........................................................................................................16
4.3. Motiveringsbeginsel....................................................................................................................................18
4.4. Onpardijdigheidsbeginsel............................................................................................................................20
4.5. Pair-playbeginsel.........................................................................................................................................21
4.6. Zorgvuldigheidsbeginsel..............................................................................................................................21
4.7. Gelijkheidsbeginsel......................................................................................................................................22
4.8. Rechtzekerheid & vertrouwensbeginsel......................................................................................................22
4.9. Redelijkheidsbeginsel...................................................................................................................................25
5. De openbare diensten.............................................................................................................................. 25
5.1. Het begrip en de beginselen van de openbare dienst.................................................................................25
5.2. Ambtenaren.................................................................................................................................................30
6. Openbaar en privaat domein.................................................................................................................... 32
6.1. Affectatie en desaffectatie...........................................................................................................................34
7. Openbaar domein: eigen rechtsregime..................................................................................................... 35
8. Onteigening............................................................................................................................................. 38
8.1. Begrip...........................................................................................................................................................38
8.2. Bevoegdheid................................................................................................................................................38
, 8.3. Kenmerken (cumulatief)..............................................................................................................................39
9. Vlaamse procedure tot onteigening.......................................................................................................... 40
9.1. Bestuurlijke fase..........................................................................................................................................40
10. Federale onteigeningsprocedure............................................................................................................ 42
11. Rechterlijk toezicht op onteigeningsprocedure.......................................................................................44
11.1. Vlaams.......................................................................................................................................................44
11.2. Federaal.....................................................................................................................................................44
12. Erfdienstbaarheid tot het algemeen nut.................................................................................................45
13. Opeising................................................................................................................................................. 45
14. Administratieve contracten.................................................................................................................... 45
15. Ruimtelijke ordening.............................................................................................................................. 52
15.1. Begripsomschrijving..................................................................................................................................52
15.2. Wetgeving.................................................................................................................................................53
15.2.1. Voor 1962...........................................................................................................................................53
15.2.2. Wet van 29 maart 1962......................................................................................................................53
15.2.3. KB van 28 december 1972 betreffende de inrichting en de toepassing van de
ontwerpgewestplannen en de gewestplannen..............................................................................................54
15.2.4. Planningsdecreet van 24 juli 1996......................................................................................................54
15.2.5. Decreet van 18 mei 1999 houdende de organisatie van de ruimtelijke ordening............................54
15.2.6. Aanpassings-en aanvullingsdecreet van 27 maart 2009....................................................................55
15.2.7. Grond- en pandendecreet van 27 maart 2009...................................................................................56
15.2.8. Vlaamse codex voor ruimtelijke ordening.........................................................................................56
15.2.9. Omgevingsvergunning........................................................................................................................56
15.3. Filosofie van de nieuwe omgevingsvergunning.........................................................................................56
15.4. Instrumenten.............................................................................................................................................58
15.4.1. Gewestplan.........................................................................................................................................58
Bedoeling....................................................................................................................................................58
Bestemming...............................................................................................................................................58
15.4.2. Beperkt plan van aanleg.....................................................................................................................60
15.4.3. Ruimtelijk structuurplan.....................................................................................................................61
15.4.4. Ruimtelijk uitvoeringsplan..................................................................................................................63
15.4.5. Stedenbouwkundige verordening......................................................................................................64
15.5. Omgevingsvergunning...............................................................................................................................65
15.5.1. Wanneer moeten we dit aanvragen?.................................................................................................65
15.5.2. Vrijstelling van vergunningsplicht......................................................................................................65
15.5.3. In welke gevallen volstaat een melding?...........................................................................................66
15.5.4. Welke verschillende soorten procedures bestaan er voor de aanvraag van een
omgevingsvergunning....................................................................................................................................66
15.5.5. Hoe wordt de vergunningsaanvraag ingediend?...............................................................................67
15.5.6. Kenmerken van een vergunningsaanvraag........................................................................................67
, 15.5.7. Welke beoordelingsgronden zijn van toepassing?.............................................................................69
16. Rechtsbescherming................................................................................................................................ 70
16.1. Algemeen...................................................................................................................................................70
16.2. Preventieve rechtsbescherming.................................................................................................................70
16.2.1. Formele motiveringswet....................................................................................................................71
Algemeen...............................................................................................................................................71
Uitdrukkelijke motivering......................................................................................................................71
Inhoudelijke motivering.........................................................................................................................71
16.2.2. Openbaarheid van bestuur.................................................................................................................72
Algemeen...............................................................................................................................................72
Wat zijn bestuursdocumenten?............................................................................................................72
Welke soorten openbraahied van bestuur kent de wet?......................................................................72
Passieve openbraaheid van bestuur......................................................................................................72
Uitzonderingsgronden...........................................................................................................................72
Beroepsmogelijkheden..........................................................................................................................73
16.3. Administratief beroep................................................................................................................................73
Algemeen...............................................................................................................................................73
16.3.1. Administratief beroep........................................................................................................................73
Wat houdt het administratief beroep in?.............................................................................................73
VORMEN VAN ADMINISTRATIEF BEROEP..............................................................................................73
VOOR- EN NADELEN..............................................................................................................................74
KENMERKEN...........................................................................................................................................74
ADMINISTRATIEF BEROEP BIJ DE TOEZICHTHOUDENDE INSTANTIE.....................................................75
16.3.2. Jurisdictioneel beroep........................................................................................................................75
Wat houdt het jurisdictioneel beroep in?.............................................................................................75
Kenmerken van het jurisdictioneel beroep...........................................................................................76
Jurisdictioneel dualisme........................................................................................................................76
Maatrgelen door de gewone rechter....................................................................................................77
16.4. Raad van state...........................................................................................................................................78
16.4.1. Afdeling wetgeving.............................................................................................................................78
16.4.2. Afdeling bestuursrechtspraak............................................................................................................78
Schorsingsbevoegdheid.........................................................................................................................78
Cassatiebevoegdheid.............................................................................................................................79
Bevoegdheid toekennen schadevergoeding tot herstel.......................................................................79
17. Lokale overheden................................................................................................................................... 80
17.1. Wat is het lokaal bestuur, soorten en opdrachten....................................................................................80
17.1.1. Geschiedenis.......................................................................................................................................80
17.1.2. Definitie..............................................................................................................................................80
17.1.3. Soorten...............................................................................................................................................80
17.1.4. Opdrachten gemeente & OCMW.......................................................................................................81
17.2. Politieke organisatie..................................................................................................................................81
17.2.1. Werking van de gemeenteraad..........................................................................................................81
Gemeenteraad.......................................................................................................................................81
College van burgemeester en schepenen.............................................................................................82
Burgemeester........................................................................................................................................83
, Raad voor Maatschappelijk Welzijn......................................................................................................83
Vast bureau............................................................................................................................................83
BCSD.......................................................................................................................................................83
17.3. Bevoegdheden van de bestuursorganen...................................................................................................83
17.3.1. Gemeenteraad/ RMW........................................................................................................................84
17.3.2. College brgemeester & schepenen/ Vast bureau..............................................................................84
17.3.3. Burgemeester.....................................................................................................................................84
17.3.4. Voorzitter bijzonder comité voor de sociale dienst...........................................................................85
17.4. Delegatie van bevoegdheden....................................................................................................................85
17.5. Besluitvormingsproces...............................................................................................................................85
17.6. Structuur en indeling.................................................................................................................................86
17.6.1. Klassieke & gerubliceerde stijl............................................................................................................86
17.6.2. Opschrift.............................................................................................................................................87
17.6.3. Beschikbaar deel.................................................................................................................................87
17.7. Juridische richtlijnen..................................................................................................................................87
17.7.1. Beginselen van behoorlijk bestuur.....................................................................................................87
17.7.2. Motivering: formeel en matrieel........................................................................................................88
17.8. Het besluit als communicatiemiddel.........................................................................................................88
17.8.1. Voor wie maakt men een besluit?......................................................................................................88
17.8.2. Actieve openbaarheid van bestuur vs bekendmakinsverplichting....................................................89
17.8.3. LBLOD.................................................................................................................................................89
17.9. Het besluit als instrument voor participatie..............................................................................................90
17.9.1. Decretale bepalingen.........................................................................................................................90
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