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college aantekeningen met samenvoeging van de belangrijkste schema's van de slides

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dit document bevat alle aantekeningen van de les criminologische psychologie van henry otgaar + de sprekers die in het engels kwamen vertaald.

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  • June 12, 2022
  • 104
  • 2021/2022
  • Class notes
  • Henry otgaar
  • All classes
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CRIMINOLO
GISCHE
PSYCHOLO
GIE
JAAR 2021-2022
aurélie degreef

,1 Inleiding .............................................................................................................................. 3
1.1 Criminologische psychologie.................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Experimenteel onderzoek ...................................................................................................... 5
2 Geschiedenis van de criminologische psychologie ........................................................... 6
3 Onderzoeksmethoden in de criminologische psychologie ............................................. 11
3.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................ 11
3.2 Een korte geschiedenis ........................................................................................................ 12
3.3 Soorten onderzoek – algemeen ........................................................................................... 16
3.4 Onderzoeksproces ............................................................................................................... 17
4 Validiteit en betrouwbaarheid ........................................................................................ 20
4.1 Consistentie  inconsistentie ............................................................................................. 20
4.2 Experimenten ....................................................................................................................... 21
4.3 Geheugen ............................................................................................................................. 22
5 Invaliditeit en onbetrouwbaarheid ................................................................................. 26
5.1 inleiding - zaken ................................................................................................................... 26
5.2 Pseudo-herinneringen ......................................................................................................... 27
5.3 Wat betekent Pseudo-herhinneringen voor het recht ........................................................ 31
6 Bekentenissen .................................................................................................................. 32
6.1 Hoe ontstaan ware en valse bekentenissen ........................................................................ 32
6.2 Valse bekentenissen uitlokken in het lab ............................................................................ 36
6.3 Factoren die kunnen leiden tot valse bekentenissen .......................................................... 37
7 Malingering (misleiden) en Crime-related amnesia: ...................................................... 38
7.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................................ 38
7.2 Soorten/ verklaringen voor Amnesia bij deliquenten......................................................... 38
8 DEEL 1 : Liegen .................................................................................................................. 44
1. De Effecten van liegen op verklaringen ............................................................................ 44
9 DEEL 2 : Liegen .................................................................................................................. 48
10 Wat is psychopatie? ......................................................................................................... 62
waar komt psychopatie vandaan ..................................................................................................... 64
hoe meet je psychopathie ................................................................................................................ 68
11 Risicotaxatie ..................................................................................................................... 71
1. Inleiding – casus ................................................................................................................ 71
71
2. 1. Wat is riscotaxatie wat is het niet ............................................................................ 71



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,2. Waarom risicotaxatie ........................................................................................................ 72
3. Waar & door wie risicotaxatie .......................................................................................... 73
4. Hoe risicotaxatie- historisch perspectief .......................................................................... 74
5. Kanttekingen bij risicotaxatie............................................................................................ 79
6. Meer dan risico’s inschatten ............................................................................................. 79
12 Getuige – Deskundige werk en biases ............................................................................. 80
I.1. inleiding ................................................................................................................................ 80
II. 2. Deskunidigen ................................................................................................................ 80
III. 3. Bias ................................................................................................................................ 83
4. Bias indammen/ reduceren ............................................................................................. 87
IV. 5. Manieren om deskundige toe te laten in de rechtbank ............................................... 89
V. 6. Literatuur : forensische confirmition bias ..................................................................... 90
13 Seksuele stoornissen ........................................................................................................ 91
I. 1. Inleiding ......................................................................................................................... 91
I. 2. Wat zijn seksuele delinquenten .................................................................................... 91
II. 3. Typen seksuele delinquenten ....................................................................................... 94
III. 4. Theorieën ...................................................................................................................... 97
IV. 5. Behandelingmethode – 2 soorten .............................................................................. 101




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, 1 Inleiding
Criminological and Experimental Legal psychology Lab = CELL
 Groep van collega’s in Leuven & Maastricht die onderzoek doen samen

Visies van Lab
- Onderzoek doen naar al de fenomonen die te maken hebben met de psychologie
- Onderwijs
- Trainingen geven
- Zaakonderzoek voor rechtbank, politie, kinderbescherming ….




1.1 Criminologische psychologie

Het onderzoek naar psychologische fenomenen die relevant zijn in de criminologie,
rechtbank, forensische context.

Ongelukkige term en wordt buiten België amper gebruikt

De relatie tussen psychologie en misdaad -> overlappen vaak

o Rechtspsychologie:
o Forensische psychologie
o Criminologische psychologie


Rechtspsychologie Forensische psychologie
Op basis van experimentele psychologie Op basis van klinische psychologie
Bv: geheugen Bv: psychopathie
Op basis van empirisch en veldonderzoek Op basis van empirisch en veldonderzoek


Psychologie Recht
Wetenschappelijke methode A priori methode : logica, redeneren
Prospective : onderzoek om nieuwe Retrospectief : gaan kijken naar de
inzichten te krijgen oorzaken van waarom iets gebeurd is
Nomotetische principes (= algemene Idiografische (= specifieke zaak )
principes )
Vb : hoe werkt het geheugen




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