Summary
UofT BCH210 Enzymes Summary
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summary of major enzymes covered in metabolism section of BCH210 (taught by Dr. Patterson); includes enzyme function, localization, regulation
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HORMONE SIGNALLING PATHWAYSEnzyme Type of Reaction involved in Activation Inhibition Area in body
enzyme
Creatine kinase Transferase Use of phosphocreatine to Muscles
generate ATP
Glycogen Transferase Glycogenolysis -phosphorylation of Ser14 -dephosphorylation by Muscles + liver
phosphorylase (GP) -generate G1P from -AMP/low energy PP-I
non-reducing ends of (allosteric) -ATP/high energy
glycogen (allosteric)
-G6P (allosteric)
Phosphoglucomutase Isomerase Conversion of G1P into G6P, -phosphorylation of Ser Muscles + liver
or vice versa
G-6-phosphatase Transferase Removal of phosphate from Liver
G6P (hydrolysis) to store
glucose
Protein phosphatase I Transferase Insulin signalling -insulin binding All cells
(PP-I) -inactivates GP, activates GS
UDP-glucose Transferase Conversion of G1P into All cells
pyrophosphorylase UDP-glucose
Glycogen synthase I Addition of glucose (from -dephosphorylation by PP-I -phosphorylation by All cells
(GS) UDP-glucose) onto glycogen -inactivation of GSK3 (via GSK3
insulin binding)
-G6P (allosteric)
, PDC
Enzyme Type of enzyme Reaction involved in Activation Inhibition Area in body
PDC Complex -conversion of pyruvate into -dephosphorylation -phosphorylation
(E1, E2, E3) Acetyl CoA -NADH, Acetyl CoA
Mitochondria
PDC kinase Transferase -turns OFF PDC -NADH, Acetyl CoA -pyruvate, ADP
(allosteric) (allosteric)
PDC phosphatase Transferase -turns ON PDC -Ca2+
CAC
Enzyme Type of enzyme Reaction involved in Activation Inhibition Area in body
Citrate synthase CAC step 1 -ADP, pyruvate -ATP, NADH, citrate Mitochondria
(CS) -formation of citrate from
oxaloacetate + Acetyl CoA
Isocitrate Oxidoreductase CAC step 3 -ADP, Ca2+ -ATP, NADH Mitochondria
dehydrogenase -conversion of isocitrate to
(ICDH) alpha-ketoglutarate
-NADH + CO2
Alpha-ketoglutarate Oxidoreductase CAC step 4 -Ca2+ -ATP, NADH Mitochondria
dehydrogenase -conversion of -succinyl CoA (product
(a-KGDH) alpha-ketoglutarate to inhibition)
succinyl-CoA; NADH + CO2
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