Summary
Samenvatting biotechnologie - toolbox
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Onderdeel toonbox, volledig
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StudentEhbLL
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Biotechnologie: toolbox1. Inleiding
1.1. Biotechnologie
- Technologie gebaseerd op biologie
- Organismen
- Ontwikkelen & produceren v nieuwe prod
1.2. Geschiedenis
- Eerste generatie: klassieke biotech
o Oude Egypte: brood & bier
Organisme: gist
Technologie: brouwproces
o Kaas
Organisme: melkzuurbacteriën
Technologie: kaasmaken
- Tweede generatie: industriële biotech
o Aanmaak vaccins mbv groeien v cellen
o Aanmaak antibiotica
- Derde generatie: moderne biotech
o Gentechnologie
Inbrengen v/h insuline-producerende gen in E. coli -> insulineprod vr
diabetespatiënten
1.3. Deelgebieden
- Rode biotech
- Groene biotech
- Witte biotech
- Blauwe biotech
Rode biotech:
- Gezondheidszorg
- Biomedische/ farmaceutische doeleinden
o Ontwikkeling geneesmiddelen, vaccins
o Ontwikkeling diagnostische test
, Groene biotech:
- Planten & levensmiddelen
- Genetisch gemodifieerde organismen
o GG mais = meer bestand tgn fungale overgroei / wormaantasting
o Aroma’s in levensmiddelen geprod dr bacteriën ipv dure originele (vanille)
Witte biotech:
- Duurzame ontwikkeling
o Biomassa & biodegradeerbare plastiek
Blauwe biotech:
- Zeeorganismen vr nieuwe prod
o Algen
o Agarose
2. DNA extractie
- DNA = desoxyribonucleïnezuur
- 4 basen: adenine, thymine, cytosine & guanine
- Menselijke cel: DNA +/- 2meter met 3miljard basenparen
- DNA-extractie
1) Openbreken cel
2) Afbreken celwand/-membraan
3) Verwijderen proteïnen
4) DNA-purificatie
2.1. Cel lysis
- Doel:
o Afbreken celwand/-membraan
o Vrijkomen DNA/RNA & proteïnen
- Hoe?
o Mechanisch/fysisch
Schudden/ vortexen (+ beads)
Blenden
Pletten
Druk
Vries/dooi
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